[Vulkanen] The ring of fire #6: Waar diverse vulkanen puffen

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This is pretty interesting news – the NASA Aqua satellite spotted an eruption going on at Mt. Curry* in the South Sandwich Islands. The South Sandwich Islands are located to the southeast of South America in an odd subduction zone where South America is subducting under the Sandwich microplate. Not much is known about Mt. Curry on Zavodovski Island – it is a basaltic stratovolcano (typical in island arcs) and it is thought to have last erupted in 1819, although the Global Volcanism Program lists a number of unconfirmed small eruptions as recently as 1930. These images of Curry from 2000 show that the volcano does produce minor plumes, so this could be more of a strong steam-and-ash plume than a new eruption. However, confirmation will be difficult as few people live in the South Sandwich Islands and Zavodovski Island is uninhabited, so we’ll likely be relying on remote sensing to track this eruption. This eruption has some shades of Nabro – remote, not well known and spotted by satellite first.

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Manum Island's volcano erupting

A new series of eruptions have begun on Manam Island off Madang in Papua New Guinea, with warnings to residents to take precautions.

Manum Island's volcano erupting

The volcano is one of the most active in PNG claiming several lives over the last decade.

Vents on the volcano are glowing at nights and explosions in the craters can be heard more than 15 kilometres away.

Ima Itakarai, the assistant director of the Rabaul Volcanology Observatory says it's possibility of a major explosion cannot be ruled out, but it's not imminent.

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Activity at Mt Tongariro on Northern Island of New Zealand
On Friday, I noted that GNS Science has seen an increase in volcanic seismicity at Tongariro, a volcanic complex on the southern end of the Taupo Volcanic Zone on the North Island. Tongariro itself is made of the older Tongariro proper and the younger Ngauruhoe (famously the model for Mt. Doom in the Lord of the Rings movies). The initial information was that there were over 20 small volcanic earthquakes during a few days in mid-July, much higher than the normal background seismicity. Now it seems that volcanic gas emissions from Tongariro are up as well.

The latest GNS Science report says that although Tongariro does consistently release volcanic and hydrothermal gases, volcanic gas emissions are up significantly since the last measurement. Now, these gases are likely carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide (the typical gases measured for monitoring), which are not hazardous to people in low concentrations (only rarely does CO2 reach levels that can kill in volcanic settings). Even with these increases in volcanic gases, GNS Science has not raised the alert status beyond Level 1 (above typical background).

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Op maandag 6 augustus 2012 17:22 schreef mouzzer het volgende:

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Dit is weer een andere, White Volcano is volgens mij een eiland voor de kust en de Tongariro ligt in een national park midden op noordereiland. Deze uitbarsting zou bij de Te Mari Crater zijn, hier te zien op de voorgrond:

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Evacuaties in Nicaragua vanwege vulkaan
In het noordwesten van Nicaragua zijn ongeveer 3000 inwoners geëvacueerd, nadat een vulkaan as en gas begon uit te stoten. De autoriteiten hebben militairen naar het gebied gestuurd, maar honderden mensen waren al uit zichzelf weggegaan.

De San Cristóbal-vulkaan begon gisterochtend te rommelen, kort nadat er explosies waren gehoord. Rond de vulkaan hangt een dikke rookwolk.

De autoriteiten verwachten de komende tijd meer uitbarstingen van de vulkaan.

De San Cristóbal is een van de actiefste vulkanen van Nicaragua. De afgelopen jaren zijn er geregeld kleine erupties geweest.

Nicaragua / El volcán San Cristóbal en erupción...

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Fuego vulkaan in Guatemala ook weer actief
De vulkaan Fuego in de Midden-Amerikaanse staat Guatemala is weer actief. Aan de voet van de berg ligt de toeristische stad Antiguea, Fuego is één van de meest actieve vulkanen in de regio. Op dit moment spuugt Fuego een dikke rookpluim tot anderhalve kilometer de hoogte in.

Voorlopig is er geen gevaar voor de bewoners in de buurt, maar het luchtverkeer kan er last van ondervinden. In mei spuugde de vulkaan grote hoeveelheden as en lava uit.

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Op maandag 10 september 2012 18:02 schreef Stokkie_ het volgende:
Vulkanen wereldwijd zeer actief

Actief weekje afgelopen week

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Op maandag 10 september 2012 19:43 schreef stan12 het volgende:
Weet iemand iets meer over die bevingen in de Vesuvius? Kan niks vinden

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It 'returned to normal seismic activity in Campi Flegrei. Today, there have been no events that is beyond the ordinary, confirm the Observatory. The phenomenon, however, should not be underestimated and demands attention, he warns, the president of the Campania geologists, Francesco Peduto.

And meanwhile, the City has initiated inspections and controls in public, especially in schools. "What occurred yesterday morning is an event that demands attention. I can not see at the time, real situations of concern. Bradyseism This is a cyclical phenomenon that repeats itself, as the experience of the 70s and 80s reminds us - Peduto says - It 'important to assess the evolution of the situation in order to understand if it is a small crisis or something more substantial. "The movements of the earth continue, by 2005, in an upward phase of the soil, but have not reached the critical recorded yesterday morning with about 200 shocks in two hours and three events above magnitude 1, sequence 1.6, 1.1 and 1.5 all accompanied by explosions. The President of the Order of Geologists of Campania points the finger on strategies to cope with earthquakes and in particular on the preparation of evacuation plans. "We need to accelerate these projects - he says - We are ready to provide experts to collaborate and monitor the various situations." Meanwhile, the mayor, Vincent Figliola, he indicated that it introduce the personnel of the technical inspections for the verification of the public. Prepared a special map to check all school facilities that next week will resume in a complete activity and public buildings and municipal health office locations. From the initial findings did not reveal situations of structural damage to buildings, resulting from seismic events of yesterday.

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Russian Volcano Erupts After 36 Years of Inactivity

VLADIVOSTOK -- The Interfax news agency said the Plosky Tolbachik volcano started erupting on Tuesday night. It was the volcano's first eruption since 1976. Located in the Kamchatka Peninsula, the 3,085-meter high volcano erupted and spewed an ash column seven km. into the atmosphere. The ash cloud then started to move northwest as lava oozes down the southern slope of the volcano. The volcanic ash later fell in the villages of Krasny Yar and Maiskoye, creating a layer that is about four centimeters thick. The eruption prompted authorities to issued an orange alert although there is no significant risk to any populated area. Plosky Tolbachik is located in the southwestern section of the Klyuchevsky group of volcanoes in eastern Kamchatka and approximately 343 km. away from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Authorities observed a considerable increase in seismic activity and registered more than 130 volcanic tremors at Plosky Tolbachik.

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Op dinsdag 11 december 2012 19:21 schreef summer2bird het volgende:
En, zijn de vulkanen al een beetje op gang voor 21 december?

Fire, Lava & Smoke: Stunning video of erupting Russian volcano

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A volcano which started erupting in far east Russia late last month continued to spew lava, plumes of ash and smoke into the air on Sunday. The volcano has attracted tourists to the region despite temperatures down to minus 30 Celsius (minus 86 Fahrenheit). Local residents and tourists have been warned by authorities against visiting the area, citing the danger of hot lava and poisonous gases that come to the surface during the eruption

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Verhoogde activiteit bij de Stromboli
Sinds vier dagen neemt de activiteit van de vulkaan Stromboli toe in intensiteit. Het gelijknamige eiland in de Tyrrheense Zee is gehuld in een enorme rookwolk afkomstig van de vulkaan, zo meldt het Italiaanse geofysisch instituut.

De vulkaan is weliswaar permanent actief, maar zondagnacht vond een zware explosie plaats, waarna een lavastroom naar zee vloeide. Acht uur later was een enorme rookwolk te zien, vergezeld van een nieuwe lavastroom. De afgelopen uren werden 23 seismische bewegingen waargenomen.

Burgemeester Marco Giorgianni van Stromboli heeft zijn 500 burgers al laten weten dat de situatie onder controle is en dat ze geen enkel risico lopen. Het Italiaanse geofysisch en vulkanologisch instituut volgt de situatie op de voet.

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Japanese scientist predicts Mount Fuji to erupt by 2015

Ever since the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, seismologists and volcanologists have been keeping a close eye on Mount Fuji. According to Masaki Kimura, a professor emeritus at Ryukyu University, signs are pointing to an imminent explosion by 2015.

He says the volcano should have erupted in 2011 as well, but there is a usual four-year margin of error, which should run out by 2015. Also, the experts monitoring the activity of the volcano says its “magma chamber pressure” had risen to 1.6 megapascals. This is higher than the chamber pressure that preceded its last eruption more than 300 years ago, which was triggered by a massive earthquake near Osaka a month before.

Kimura also says that magma is rising from beneath Mt. Fuji and cracks in the crust have been increasing. Other signs to its impending eruption are the rising water level of nearby Lake Sai, numerous steam explosions and the increasing number of volcanic earthquakes. The partial collapse of the Sasago expressway tunnel in December last year which killed nine people wasn’t caused by an earthquake but may have been triggered by the deformation of the tunnel, which Kimura believes to be connected to Mt Fuji activity where “some things hanging above have been falling”.

In 2012, a huge fault line measuring 21 miles was discovered beneath Mt. Fuji and an earthquake along that fault line could actually cause the volcano to collapse entirely. Experts speculate that in the eventuality of an explosion, cost to human life would be low (due to slow-moving lava) but the damage to public and private property will be huge.

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Fuji eruption could force 567,000 people to evacuate

SHIZUOKA – An eruption of Mount Fuji could force some 567,000 people to evacuate their homes, according to a new estimate.

The projection is part of an evacuation plan crafted by the Shizuoka Prefectural Government that also says more than 130,000 people, comprising some 50,000 households, would have to relocate if lava were to reach residential districts in the city of Fuji, which lies just south of the 3,776-meter mountain.

Depending on the number and locations of vents, evacuation from wider areas could be needed. The plan is based on a hazard map prepared by the central government based on Fuji’s last eruption, in 1707.

Under the evacuation plan, 10 zones have been designated at the foot of the mountain based on the expected direction of lava flows.

The plan specifies evacuation zones in four grades.

The Yamanashi Prefectural Government is preparing a similar evacuation plan.

Plans will be finalized at a consultation forum involving Shizuoka, Yamanashi and Kanagawa prefectures and the central government. Joint evacuation drills in the three prefectures will also be conducted.

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Alertlevel at Sabancaya (Peru) volcano raised to orange
Over the past few days, the Peruvian Geologic Survey (Ingemmet) has noted a sharp increase in seismicity underneath one of the more active volcano’s in the southern part of the country: Sabancaya. Over 500 earthquakes were recorded under the volcano between February 22-23 and with an accompanying increase in fumarole emissions (steam and volcanic gases) from the summit (see above), Ingemmet chose to raise the alert status at Sabancaya to Orange. The fumarolic activity at the summit is especially notable the new steam/gas plume reached over 100 meters over the volcano (although this can also be mitigated by weather conditions) — and closely followed the onset of the new seismicity.

Interestingly, before this new seismic swarm and fumarolic activity began, I noted on Twitter an interesting sequence of earthquakes near Sabancaya. On February 22, three M4.9-5.3 earthquakes struck within 2 hours of each other ~30-40 km to the northeast of the volcano (see below). All these earthquakes were fairly shallow (10-18 km) — in fact, much shallow than much of the historic seismicity in the area. I noted the earthquakes because of their location between Sabancaya and another large Peruvian volcano, El Misti. Now, this is where we have to worry about chickens and eggs — there is no evidence for a connect between these earthquakes and the new unrest at Sabancaya. [SPECULATION] However, it does leave open the potential that (a) the earthquakes could have triggered this new unrest or (b) the earthquakes are part of the new unrest. Under option (a), these earthquakes might not have been directly related to magmatic activity/movement, but their proximity to Sabancaya disturbed the magmatic or hydrothermal system at the volcano. Under option (b), these earthquakes could be the intrusion of a new batch of magmatic itself — however, their distance from Sabancaya seems a little far for that to be the case. My [wild] hunch here might be that the three earthquakes might have “jostled” the hydrothermal system at Sabancaya, producing an increase in hydrothermal flow leading to more intense fumaroles and resulting in an earthquake swarm as the hydrothermal system re-establishes itself. Now, this is not to say that magma movement under the volcano isn’t a potential cause as well — as Ingemmet collects more data, such as the types/amounts of volcanic gases in the fumaroles and can survey the volcano looking for deformation, their geologists can then make a more definitive statement about the nature of the unrest at Sabancaya. Jersy Mariño Salaza from Ingemmet did, however, mention that this unrest is similar to the unrest prior to the volcano’s eruptions in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

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Alaska volcano threatens to blow
Anchorage - Another volcano in Alaska is heating up, with seismic instruments signalling a possible eruption.

The Alaska Volcano Observatory says tremors were detected Monday at Pavlof Volcano, 1 000km southwest of Anchorage.

John Power, the US Geological Survey scientist in charge at the observatory, said satellite imagery shows the volcano is "very, very hot".

Pavlof is 60km from the community of Cold Bay. The volcano last erupted in 2007.

It's the second Alaska volcano to rumble this month.

Cleveland Volcano, on an uninhabited island in the Aleutian Islands, experienced a low-level eruption in early May.

Power said satellite imagery shows the volcano continues to discharge steam, gas and heat, although no ash clouds have been detected in the past week.

Cleveland is not monitored with seismic instruments.

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In Mexico is een eruptie van vulkaan Popocatépetl eergisteren vastgelegd door een webcam. Op deze fel versnelde beelden zie je hoe de vulkaan een enorme wolk van as en stof uitbraakt.

Popocatépetl explosión extraordinaria 17 junio 2013 1:23pm

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Omwonenden vulkaan Merapi op de vlucht

De vulkaan Merapi op het Indonesische eiland Java spuwde maandag rook en as. Honderden inwoners van dorpen aan de voet van de vulkaan zijn op de vlucht geslagen.

De vulkaan spuwde de donkerrode as duizend meter de lucht in, maar een uitbarsting bleef uit en de geldende alarmfase werd niet verhoogd.

De bijna drieduizend meter hoge Merapi is de actiefste van de vijfhonderd vulkanen die Indonesië telt. Bij de laatste grote uitbarsting, in 2010, vielen 347 doden.

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Op zondag 18 augustus 2013 18:58 schreef YazooW het volgende:
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August 17, 2013 – ALASKA – Seismic unrest is being reported at another Alaskan volcano. Tanaga is a 5,924-foot (1,806 m) stratovolcano located in the remote Aleutian Range of the U.S. state of Alaska. There have been three known eruptions since 1763. The most recent was in 1914 and produced lava flows. According to the Earthquake Report, a swarm of seven earthquakes have struck near the volcano in the last 24 hours- the strongest of which was a 4.7 magnitude. This may suggest magma intrusion under the volcano.

Number 69: Iceland - A small phreatic eruption seems to have taken place yesterday at the ice-covered Kverkfjoell central volcano. The steam-driven (no fresh magma involved) explosion followed a small glacial flood on 15 August the Kverkjökull glacier released into the Volga river and was probably a result of the pressure release during the flood. –Volcano Discovery

Kliuchevskoi (Kamchatka): A new eruption began at 06:30 UTC on 15 August, KVERT reports. Accompanied by strong tremor, strombolian activity has been taking place in the summit crater. Incandescence at the summit of the volcano’s summit were observed at night and a gas-steam plume containing small amounts of ash rose up to 18,000 ft (5.5 km) a.s.l. and drifted to the north-east of the volcano on August 16. Satellite data showed a big and bright thermal anomaly over the volcano on August 15-17. – Volcano Discovery

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Indonesia Warns of Rising Volcanic Activity in East Province
JAKARTA, Indonesia—Indonesian authorities have been warning local villagers in East Nusa Tenggara Province about increasing volcanic activities in the area in recent days.

“The people around the areas should continue to practice caution” despite there not having been fresh volcanic activity on Wednesday, said Sutopo Purwo Nugroho, the spokesman of the National Disaster Mitigation Agency.

The agency reported on Tuesday two volcanoes in the East Nusa Tenggara Province have shown “increasing activities.” The volcanoes are subsea Mount Hobalt and and Mount Ili Werung.

It noted Mount Hobalt erupted Tuesday morning, spewing cloud as high as 6,560 feet above the sea level for around two minutes.

“Visually, the water near the volcano turned yellow and bubbly,” the agency said.

Meanwhile, Mount Ili Werung, located on the southern part of Lembata Island, started rumbling just before dusk Tuesday for about an hour and a half.

But the agency said, at least so far, it isn’t necessary for the villagers to evacuate their villages.

Six people were killed in the small Palue Island in the province when Mount Rokatenda erupted on Aug. 10, spewing hot ash and smoke up to 6,560 feet into the air. Nearly 3,000 people were evacuated from the area in the island since it first rumbled in October 2012.

East Nusa Tenggara is about 1,297 miles east of Indonesia’s capital city of Jakarta. Just west to the province is West Nusa Tenggara Province, famous for the Mount Tambora, whose eruption in April 1815 is cited as the largest volcanic eruption in the world in recorded history. The precise death toll from the eruption remains unclear, but it is believed to be at least 71,000. The eruption caused a “volcanic winter,” a reduction in temperature cause by volcanic ash and droplets of sulfuric acid. It made 1816 known as the year without summer due to the effects of the weather in North America and Europe.

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Op vrijdag 23 augustus 2013 20:23 schreef DemonRage het volgende:
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Vulkanische bliksem.

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Vulkaan in Peru blijft rook spuwen
De Ubinasvulkaan in het zuidwesten van Peru blijft rook en as spuwen. De vulkaan is al een hele week bijzonder actief en daar lijkt niet snel verandering in te komen. Integendeel, vulkanologen verwachten dat het tot een echte uitbarsting zal komen. "De rook en as die we nu zien zijn typische verschijnselen die een uitbarsting aankondigen", zegt Pablo Masias, een Peruviaanse vulkanoloog. De 150 inwoners van het dorpje Querapi, aan de voet van de vulkaan, zijn uit voorzorg geëvacueerd. De Ubinas wordt beschouwd als een van de actiefste vulkanen ter wereld. Sinds de 16e eeuw kwam het al meer dan 20 keer tot een uitbarsting. In 2006 spuwde de Ubinas een rookwolk 9 kilometer de lucht in.

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Op zaterdag 26 oktober 2013 22:18 schreef GekkePoes het volgende:

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WKN / Uitbarsting Etna

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Underwater eruption creates new island of the coast of Japan
An undersea volcanic eruption created a new island in the Pacific Ocean, to the far south of Tokyo, Japan’s coast guard said on Thursday.
Coast guard footage shot on Wednesday showed heavy black smoke and clusters of rocks exploding out of the sea to form a tiny island near the Ogasawara Islands, about 621 miles to the south of Tokyo.
According to an advisory issued by the coast guard, the new islet is about 200 meters, or 650 feet, in diameter. Ash and smoke continued to erupt out of the crater, with the smoke reaching a height of almost 600 meters.
"Smoke is still rising from the volcanic island, and we issued a navigation warning to say that this island has emerged with ash falling in the area," a spokesman for the maritime agency was quoted by Agence France-Presse as saying.
The new island is close to Nishinoshima, another uninhabited island in the Ogasawara chain of islands, which is also known as Bonin Islands. The Japan archipelago, which consists of several thousands of islands, is part of a seismically active region in the Pacific Ocean known as “Ring of Fire.”
According to volcanologists, it would be too early to say whether the new island would survive, as there were past instances when newly formed islands did not last long due to erosion, the FNN News network reported.
Japan witnessed similar a volcano eruption in the region in the early 1970s and mid-1980s, and tiny islets, formed at that time, were partially or completely eroded by ocean tides.
Japan government’s spokesman welcomed the new addition to its territory and said the new island could enter the country’s map, if it survives.
“If it becomes a full-fledged island, we would be happy to have more territory,” Yoshihide Suga, Japan's chief government spokesman, told the Associated Press.
Two months ago, Pakistan also reported the birth of a new island after a huge earthquake struck the country’s southwest. Scientists believe the new island -- a mass of mud floating in the Indian Ocean -- may be a mud volcano that erupted because of the earthquake.
Mud volcanoes erupt when huge quantities of mud, water and methane gas trapped beneath the layers of the Earth are released by earthquakes.
The new island in southwest Pakistan was about 90 meters wide and about 2 kilometers from the coastline in the country's Balochistan province.

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Chaitén volcano (Chile): increased seismic activity
Friday Nov 22, 2013 09:57 AM | BY: T

Increased seismic activity has been detected under the volcano, Chilean scientists reported.
The devastating Plinian eruption of Chaitén in May 2008 forced the evacuation of the entire population of the small coastal town of Chaitén, located only a few kilometers south of the volcano. After the initial explosive phase, several lava domes have been growing slowly by extrusion of degassed, viscous magma. This phase ended in 2011 and since then, the volcano has only produced degassing.

On 20 Nov at 08:07 (local time), a volcano-tectonic magnitude 2.4 earthquake occurred at 6 km depth north-east of the volcano. It was followed by a swarm of more than 80 quakes of mostly long-period type, characteristic for movements of fluids (gasses, water, and possibly magma) inside cracks inside the volcanic edifice. They are considered potential precursors to eruptive activity. In addition, pulses of volcanic tremor and a second volcanic-tectonic quakes of magnitude 2.7 at 11:39 local time, this time at shallow 4.4 km depth were recorded.

Volcanologists from SERNAGEOMIN mentioned that at the time of publication of their report, the seismicity continued, but the official alert level of Chaitén remains green. For now, the signs of unrest are weak and it is not likely that a new eruption is immediate.

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Volcano Sends Pillar Of Fire 1,000m Into Sky

With a pillar of fire stretching up into the clouds, this spectacular image captures the moment a volcano erupted in remote Russia.

The stream of lava rose up to a kilometre above the summit of Klyuchevskoy, one of the active volcanoes on the Kamchatka peninsula in the east of the country.

The volcano, which erupts around every two years, is one of the largest on-land active volcanoes, according to the US Geological Survey.

It stands at 15,584ft on the north end of a belt of 30 active volcanoes.

The dramatic picture of Klyuchevskoy was captured by photographer Marc Szeglat on October 16 at a distance of approximately 9.5 miles from its concealed cone, as the volcano erupted for the first time in three years.

The explosion triggered by the eruption could be heard from 20 miles away.

In September 1994, an eruption caused disruption after it affected airline routes across the Pacific Ocean.

The active nature of the volcano, which first began erupting in 1697, means it is still rarely a target for climbers.