[Vulkanen] The ring of fire #6: Waar diverse vulkanen puffen

Fumarola en el Popocatepetl 20 de Noviembre 2011

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Exhalacion del volcan Popocatepetl el 20/11/2011

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Op vrijdag 25 november 2011 21:50 schreef Resistor het volgende:
Dan sta je toch even raar te kijken, als 'opeens' (als leek zijnde) een vulkaan voor je ogen uitbarst.

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Colombia waarschuwt voor uitbarsting Galeras
Het Colombiaans geologisch instituut (Ingeominas) heeft de evacuatie aanbevolen van zowat achtduizend mensen die in de buurt wonen van de vulkaan Galeras, in het zuiden van het land. De vulkaan toont een verhoogde activiteit en er wordt gevreesd voor een uitbarsting.

Het gaat om een waarschuwing van het niveau "oranje", het tweede niveau op een schaal van vier. "Dat houdt in dat er tekenen zijn van een erg waarschijnlijke uitbarsting in de komende dagen of weken", aldus Marta Calvache, onderdirecteur van Ingeominas.

De 4.270 meter hoge vulkaan, die niet ver van de grens met Ecuador ligt, is de laatste twintig jaar constant actief. De meest dodelijke recente uitbarsting dateert van 1993. Daarbij kwamen negen mensen om het leven. (belga/jv)

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Alertstatus Mt Sindoro (Java Indonesia) raised
After the activity continued to increase since last October, the status of Mount Sindoro in Waterford and Wonosobo regency, Central Java, Monday (5 / 12) night, upgraded its status from active to normal alert.

Sulfatara bursts of smoke and hot mud around the crater of Mount Sindoro getting bigger and growing number. In addition, the seismic activity of Mount Sindoro also increasing, so the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation, improve the status of Mount Sindoro.

Increase in alert status of Mount Sindoro set on Monday around 20.00 West Indonesia Time. Communities are asked not to panic despite increased alert status. Since the 1970 phreatic eruption ago, Mount Sindoro ralatif quiet activities. (Riz)

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Kolumbos submarine volcano (Santorini, Greece): 3.2 magnitude earthquake
At 19h22 GMT (21h22 local time), a 3.2 earthquake occurred at the little-known submarine volcano Kolumbos ca. 8 km NE of Santorini, Island, Greece. This marks one of the largest events in recent months.

The submarine volcano whose peak rises to just 18 m below sea level, is located on the tectonically active SW-NE fault system across Santorini which confines most volcanic vents of the Santorini volcanic complex in the past 500,000 years.

Kolumbus volcano last erupted in September 1650 following a year of frequent earthquakes. The eruption produced a large explosive pumice eruption, with ash fall recorded as far as Turkey, and built a temporary island. The main phase of the eruption triggered a devastating tsunami. Toxic gasses killed more than 25 people and hundreds of livestock on Santorini by suffocation (probably H2S).

There is no reason to state that new activity from Santorini or Kolumbus is likely in a foreseeable future but on the other hand, there are very few data available, unfortunately, to judge the situation.

We regret that the Greek monitoring institutes are not publishing more details about the ongoing activity. Access to important earthquake details such as as their depth, are not published (they are available for earthquakes in all the other regions in Greece, raising some suspect why not for Santorini...)

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Vulkaanuitbarsting bij Yemen
Lokale vissers uit Salif in Yemen hebben maandagmelding gemaakt van een vulkaanuitbarsting in de Rode Zee. Het fenomeen vindt plaats bij Saba Island, die deel uit maken van de Al-Zubair archipel. De vulkaan bevindt zich op circa 30 zeemijlen van Salif City.

Volgens de vissers kan de vulkaan van afstand goed worden waargenomen en lavabommen zouden 20 tot 30 meter hoog het water uit schieten. Het zou de eerste vulkaan zijn die in dit gebied actief wordt waargenomen.

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Op dinsdag 3 januari 2012 08:28 schreef marcel-o het volgende:
Was deze al bekend?

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Seven Indonesian volcanoes at level-3-alert status
JAKARTA: The Centre of Vulcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG) on Thursday declared that seven out of 127 volcanoes in Indonesia are in danger status of level III (alert), according to China’s Xinhua news agency.

The volcanoes are namely Mount Papandayan in West Java province, Mount Lokon and Mount Karangetan of North Sulawesi province, Mount Kawah Ijen in East Java province, Mount Anak Krakatau in the border of Banten and Lampung provinces, Mount Gamalama at North Maluku province and Mount Lewotolo in East Nusa Tenggara province, respectively.

Out of the seven volcanoes, authorities are focusing on Mount Kawah Ijen, Mount Gamalama and Mount Lewotolo as their eruption impact is the biggest compared to others, said Head of the National Agency of Disaster Mitigation BNPB) Syamsul Muarif.

He said that the BNPB and regional agencies of disaster mitigation are enhancing preparation and planning to anticipate the impact of the volcanoes activities.

Explaining further, he said that Mount Kawah Ijen contains huge danger if it erupts as it threatens as many as 9,000 people living surround the volcano.

“The biggest threat of Mount Kawah Ijen is not hot cloud, flamed material launch or volcanic ash, but is within its volcanic lake containing 30 million metre cubic of water with deadly acid level,” he said, expressing disappointment that people refuse to evacuate despite several warnings.

While, increasing activities of the Mount Gamalama will expose and force, 638 people to take refuge. Last year, there people were killed by cold lava flood of the volcano following heavy rain on the top of the volcano.

Mount Lewotolo, with eruption type of explosive holds primary danger of volcanic bombs and hot cloud. However, Syamsul said that data shows that there has been no strong eruption that claims lives since 1660.

Although Mount Lokon in the city of Tomohon of North Sulawesi has erupted on Dec 27, last year, he said such incident still does not force people to take refuge.

“Mount Anak Krakatau that erupts almost every day with small intensity does not pose any danger to people as it locates in a strait connecting the islands of Java and Sumatra.

The volcano, he said is in a growth phase and there is a small possibility that it erupts like what happened in 1883, triggering strong tsunami and claimed thousands of lives. – Bernama

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Evacuaties na activiteit Lewotolo vulkaan in Indonesie
KUPANG, OOST NUSA TENGGARA - Honderden mensen in de buurt van de Lewotolo vulkaan op het eiland Lembata in de provincie Oost Nusa Tenggara zijn donderdag geëvacueerd nadat de vulkaan plotseling in activiteit toenam. Dit meldde persbureau Antara.

Zo'n 500 dorpelingen hebben hun huizen verlaten en zijn naar het stadje Lewoleba getrokken. Er zal bovendien snel een bijeenkomst gehouden worden op regionaal niveau om te kijken welke acties er verder nodig zijn. Dit meldde vice-districtshoofd Viktor Mado Watun van lembata.

Er komt op dit moment een dikke zwarte rookwolk uit de krater van de vulkaan. In het gebied is bovendien een sterke zwavellucht te ruiken. Ook produceert de vulkaan regelmatig een donderend geluid. Inwoners besloten dan ook en masse om hun dorpen te verlaten om veiliger gebieden op te zoeken.

Er is vanuit de overheid nog geen officieel evacuatie-plan opgesteld. Wel werd de alarm-status van de vulkaan in de voorbije dagen twee maal verhoogd, van status 1, normaal, naar status drie, op een schaal van vier.

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Chilian ONEMI raises status of Lascar Volcano
This first came up in the news yesterday, but I thought it deserved its own spot. Lascar, one of the more active volcanoes of northern Chile, was placed on heightened alert status by the ONEMI (Chilean Emergency Management) on advice from the SERNAGEOMIN (Chilean Geologic Survey). The latest report from Lascar says that over 300 small earthquakes (pdf) have occurred at the volcano in the last 26 hours, leading to an elevation of its status to Yellow – however, there have been no indications of increased fumarolic activity at the volcano. Lascar has the potential to produce a large eruptive column – the 1993 eruption sent ash as fall east as Buenos Aires – with pyroclastic flows that could reach nearby towns such as Talabre. The volcano has been through a number of cycles of significant explosive activity over its >43,000 year history. However, recent activity is mostly lava dome formation in the summit crater followed by crater collapse and vulcanian to plinian explosive eruptions such as the major eruption of April 1993. However, it also have the potential to produce small explosions that will only dust ash on the countryside surrounding the volcano as it has done at least 6 times in the last decade. ONEMI is preparing for possible evacuations for people near the volcano – mostly either miners in the area or tourists at San Pedro de Atacama. If anything does occur, there is a webcam pointed at Lascar to see the action.

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25 volcanoes in Indonesia show abnormal activity or are on alertstatus
Padang, West Sumatra. Twenty-five volcanoes in Indonesia are now showing abnormal activity or have been put on alert or watch status, presidential special aide Andi Arief said here on Saturday.

“According to official data, 25 volcanoes are now under alert or watch status and they must be given priority with regard to disaster mitigation planning at district or city levels,” he said at a workshop on journalists’ role in disaster management.

He said in West Sumatra there were two volcanoes that need to be closely watched, namely Mount Marapi and Mount Talang, as they are still under alert status.

Mount Marapi is located in Agam and Tanahdatar districts and rises 2891 meters above sea level, and Mount Talang (2597 meters above sea level) in Solok district was located around 40 kilometers from the provincial capital Padang.

Apart from the two volcanoes, the government and regional disaster management agencies were also giving priority attention to Mount Papandayan in West Java, Mount Karangetan and Lokon in North Sulawesi, Mount Ijen in East Java, Mount Gamalama in North Maluku, Mount Krakatau in Banten and Lampung and Mount Lewoloto in East Nusa Tenggara.

He said “it is not impossible that volcanoes that are now still normal could change to become abnormal due to earthquakes that have happened to trigger magma in the mountains to increase their activity, and therefore alertness and readiness of the people must continue to be maintained.”

Andi said earthquakes below five on the Richter Scale could trigger magma in the volcanoes to rise and so people must not only be alert over big but also small tremors.

The 4.4 magnitude earthquake like the one in Singkawang, West Kalimantan, is one of the examples, where people had never predicted before that it could happen there, he said.

“The small magnitude quake is now being studied by researchers with regard to minimizing the damage in case an eruption happens in the country as there are a lot of volcanoes in Indonesia,” he said.