Efforts to Plug Japanese Reactor Leak Are FailingBy HIROKO TABUCHI and KEN BELSON
Published: April 3, 2011
Prime Minister Naoto Kan prayed for tsunami victims in Rikuzentakata on Saturday.
Water containing high amounts of radioactive iodine has been spewing directly into the Pacific Ocean from a large crack discovered Saturday in a 6-foot-deep pit at the coastal Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. After an unsuccessful attempt to flood the pit with concrete to stop the leak, workers on Sunday turned to trying to plug the apparent source of the water an underground shaft thought to lead to the damaged reactor building by plugging the shaft with a makeshift putty: more than 120 pounds of sawdust, three garbage bags full of shredded newspaper and about 9 pounds of a polymeric powder that officials said absorbs 50 times its volume of water.
Although the stopgap measure did not appear to be succeeding, workers would keep trying to stem the leak, said Hidehiko Nishiyama, deputy director-general of the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency.
Experts estimate that about 7 tons an hour of radioactive water is escaping the pit. Safety officials have said that the water, which appears to be coming from the damaged No. 2 reactor at Fukushima Daiichi, contains one million Becquerels per liter of iodine 131, or about 10,000 times levels normally found in water at a nuclear facility.
There is still a steady stream of water from the pit, Mr. Nishiyama said, but workers would continue to observe and evaluate the situation overnight.
The leak underscores the dangerous side effects of the strategy to cool the plants reactors and spent fuel storage pools by pumping them with hundreds of tons of water. While much of that water evaporates, a significant portion also turns into dangerous runoff that has been discovered accumulating in various parts of the plant, endangering workers at the plant and hindering repair efforts. Last week, three workers were injured when they stepped into a pool of radioactive water inside one of the plants turbine buildings.
Workers have in recent days tried to clear the contaminated pools, but have struggled to find enough places to store the water. Meanwhile, higher-than-normal levels of radiation have been detected in waters near the plant, raising fears of damage to sea life.
The Tokyo Electric Power Company, the plants operator, has said it has little choice but to pump more water into the reactors at the moment, since the normal cooling systems at the plant are inoperable and more radioactive material would be released if the reactors were allowed to melt down fully or if the rods caught fire.
Still, some experts expressed bewilderment at what they called an 11th-hour, improvised bid to plug the leak.
Ive never heard of anything like it at a nuclear power plant, said Itsuo Kimura, Emeritus Professor at Kyoto University and director of the Japan-based Institute of Nuclear Technology. What is really needed, he said, is for the cooling systems to come back online at the plants six reactors. Those cooling systems work by circulating water around the nuclear fuel, producing little runoff.
That is the best way to stop the leakage of radioactive water, Mr. Kimura said. But for now, they have to stop the water leaking the best they can.
Tokyo Electric has come under growing scrutiny for its handling of the nuclear crisis, triggered by the March 11 quake and tsunami. In recent days, reports surfaced that the company, once the largest utility in the world, would be taken over by the government. Tokyo Electric reported that a protesters sound truck, presumably sent to heckle the company was blocked from entering the Daiichi plant on March 31.
There are also frequent protests at the companys headquarters in the Uchisaiwai-cho neighborhood of central Tokyo. On Sunday, several hundred anti-nuclear protestors assembled in front of Tokyo Electrics offices and then marched to Kasumigaseki to protest in front of the offices of Japans nuclear regulators.
The protesters yelled slogans like, Tokyo Electric, get out of nuclear energy, and Compensate the victims. Others called for the company and government to apologize.
Some carried placards that said, Even if we dont have nuclear power, well still have electricity.
The Japanese people dont protest usually, but this time, we have to show that we can call for change, said Masanobu Takeshi, 40, who attended with his wife and son.
Makoto Yanagida, 70, who has been protesting since March 12, said that on the first day, only about 10 people showed up. Sunday was the 10th protest, which drew more than 300 people, he said. Mr. Yanagida said that he will continue protesting until nuclear plants are shut down.
Nuclear officials warned, however, that it could take months to bring the Fukushima Daiichi plant under control.
It would take a few months until we finally get things under control and have a better idea about the future, said Mr. Nishiyama of the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency. Well face a crucial turning point within the next few months, but that is not the end.
Earlier Sunday, the operator of the stricken Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station said that two workers at the plant who were missing since the day the earthquake and tsunami hit Japan last month had been confirmed dead the first Tokyo Electric employees to be listed among the dead since the crisis began. Five employees of subsidiary companies have also died at other Tokyo Electric facilities.
Tokyo Electric said the two workers at the Daiichi plant were found in the basement of the turbine building connected to the No. 4 reactor.
The company found the workers bodies on Wednesday in the basement of the turbine building connected to the No. 4 reactor, but did not release the details until the families had been notified. The company said that the workers, Kazuhiro Kokubo, 24, and Yoshiki Terashima, 21, died on March 11, around 4 p.m., after the tsunami hit the Daiichi plant.
It pains me that these two young workers were trying to protect the power plant while being hit by the earthquake and tsunami, Tokyo Electrics chairman, Tsunehisa Katsumata, said in a statement.
Of the other five deaths connected to the earthquake and tsunami, one man died when he was struck by a crane that had toppled at the Daini power plant. Four other workers died at Tokyo Electrics Hitachinaka thermal power plant when they fell from the chimneys they were working on.
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http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/04/world/asia/04japan.html?_r=1
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