
(born August 7, 1928)[1] (stage name The Amazing

) is a stage magician and scientific skeptic[2][3] best known as a challenger of paranormal claims and pseudoscience. Born Randall James Hamilton Zwinge,[1] in Toronto, Ontario, Canada,

is the founder of the

Educational Foundation (JREF).

began his career as a magician, but when he retired at age 60, he switched to investigating paranormal, occult, and supernatural claims. Although often referred to as a "debunker",

rejects that title due to its perceived bias, instead describing himself as an "investigator".[4] He has written about the paranormal, skepticism, and the history of magic. He was a frequent guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and is occasionally featured on the television program Penn & Teller: Bullshit!.
The JREF sponsors the famous million dollar challenge offering a prize of US $1,000,000 to anyone who can demonstrate evidence of any paranormal, supernatural or occult power or event, under test conditions agreed to by both parties