Hoe oud was het vriendinnetje van de profeet?

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Age of Aisha at time of marriage with Holy Prophet Muhammad

It is believed on the authority of some Hadith reports that the marriage ceremony (known as nikah, amounting to betrothal) of Aisha with the Holy Prophet Muhammad took place when she was six years of age, and that she joined the Holy Prophet as his wife three years later at the age of nine. We quote below from two such reports in Bukhari.

“It is reported from Aisha that she said: The Prophet entered into marriage with me when I was a girl of six … and at the time [of joining his household] I was a girl of nine years of age.”

“Khadija died three years before the Prophet departed to Medina. He stayed [alone] for two years or so. He married Aisha when she was a girl of six years of age, and he consummated that marriage when she was nine years old.” [3]

As to the authenticity of these reports, it may be noted that the compilers of the books of Hadith did not apply the same stringent tests when accepting reports relating to historical matters as they did before accepting reports relating to the practical teachings and laws of Islam. The reason is that the former type of report was regarded as merely of academic interest while the latter type of report had a direct bearing on the practical duties of a Muslim and on what was allowed to them and what was prohibited. Thus the occurrence of reports such as the above about the marriage of Aisha in books of Hadith, even in Bukhari, is not necessarily a proof of their credibility.
Determination of the true age of Aisha

It appears that Maulana Muhammad Ali was the first Islamic scholar directly to challenge the notion that Aisha was aged six and nine, respectively, at the time of her nikah and consummation of marriage. This he did in, at least, the following writings: his English booklet Prophet of Islam, his larger English book Muhammad, the Prophet, and in the footnotes in his voluminous Urdu translation and commentary of Sahih Bukhari entitled Fadl-ul-Bari, these three writings being published in the 1920s and 1930s. In the booklet Prophet of Islam, which was later incorporated in 1948 as the first chapter of his book Living Thoughts of the Prophet Muhammad, he writes in a lengthy footnote as follows:

“A great misconception prevails as to the age at which Aisha was taken in marriage by the Prophet. Ibn Sa‘d has stated in the Tabaqat that when Abu Bakr [father of Aisha] was approached on behalf of the Holy Prophet, he replied that the girl had already been betrothed to Jubair, and that he would have to settle the matter first with him. This shows that Aisha must have been approaching majority at the time. Again, the Isaba, speaking of the Prophet’s daughter Fatima, says that she was born five years before the Call and was about five years older than Aisha. This shows that Aisha must have been about ten years at the time of her betrothal to the Prophet, and not six years as she is generally supposed to be. This is further borne out by the fact that Aisha herself is reported to have stated that when the chapter [of the Holy Quran] entitled The Moon, the fifty-fourth chapter, was revealed, she was a girl playing about and remembered certain verses then revealed. Now the fifty-fourth chapter was undoubtedly revealed before the sixth year of the Call. All these considerations point to but one conclusion, viz., that Aisha could not have been less than ten years of age at the time of her nikah, which was virtually only a betrothal. And there is one report in the Tabaqat that Aisha was nine years of age at the time of nikah. Again it is a fact admitted on all hands that the nikah of Aisha took place in the tenth year of the Call in the month of Shawwal, while there is also preponderance of evidence as to the consummation of her marriage taking place in the second year of Hijra in the same month, which shows that full five years had elapsed between the nikah and the consummation. Hence there is not the least doubt that Aisha was at least nine or ten years of age at the time of betrothal, and fourteen or fifteen years at the time of marriage.” [4] (Bolding is mine.)

To facilitate understanding dates of these events, please note that it was in the tenth year of the Call, i.e. the tenth year after the Holy Prophet Muhammad received his calling from God to his mission of prophethood, that his wife Khadija passed away, and the approach was made to Abu Bakr for the hand of his daughter Aisha. The hijra or emigration of the Holy Prophet to Madina took place three years later, and Aisha came to the household of the Holy Prophet in the second year after hijra. So if Aisha was born in the year of the Call, she would be ten years old at the time of the nikah and fifteen years old at the time of the consummation of the marriage.
Later research

Research subsequent to the time of Maulana Muhammad Ali has shown that she was older than this. An excellent short work presenting such evidence is the Urdu pamphlet Rukhsati kai waqt Sayyida Aisha Siddiqa ki umar (‘The age of Lady Aisha at the time of the start of her married life’) by Abu Tahir Irfani.[4a] Points 1 to 3 below have been brought to light in this pamphlet.

1. The famous classical historian of Islam, Ibn Jarir Tabari, wrote in his ‘History’:

“In the time before Islam, Abu Bakr married two women. The first was Fatila daughter of Abdul Uzza, from whom Abdullah and Asma were born. Then he married Umm Ruman, from whom Abdur Rahman and Aisha were born. These four were born before Islam.” [5]

Being born before Islam means being born before the Call.

2. The compiler of the famous Hadith collection Mishkat al-Masabih, Imam Wali-ud-Din Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al-Khatib, who died 700 years ago, has also written brief biographical notes on the narrators of Hadith reports. He writes under Asma, the older daughter of Abu Bakr:

“She was the sister of Aisha Siddiqa, wife of the Holy Prophet, and was ten years older than her. … In 73 A.H. … Asma died at the age of one hundred years.” [6]

(Go here to see an image of the full entry in Urdu.)

This would make Asma 28 years of age in 1 A.H., the year of the Hijra, thus making Aisha 18 years old in 1 A.H. So Aisha would be 19 years old at the time of the consummation of her marriage, and 14 or 15 years old at the time of her nikah. It would place her year of birth at four or five years before the Call.

3. The same statement is made by the famous classical commentator of the Holy Quran, Ibn Kathir, in his book Al-bidayya wal-nihaya:

“Asma died in 73 A.H. at the age of one hundred years. She was ten years older than her sister Aisha.” [7]

Apart from these three evidences, which are presented in the Urdu pamphlet referred to above, we also note that the birth of Aisha being a little before the Call is consistent with the opening words of a statement by her which is recorded four times in Bukhari. Those words are as follows:

“Ever since I can remember (or understand things) my parents were following the religion of Islam.” [8]

This is tantamount to saying that she was born sometime before her parents accepted Islam but she can only remember them practising Islam. No doubt she and her parents knew well whether she was born before or after they accepted Islam, as their acceptance of Islam was such a landmark event in their life which took place just after the Holy Prophet received his mission from God. If she had been born after they accepted Islam it would make no sense for her to say that she always remembered them as following Islam. Only if she was born before they accepted Islam, would it make sense for her to say that she can only remember them being Muslims, as she was too young to remember things before their conversion. This is consistent with her being born before the Call, and being perhaps four or five years old at the time of the Call, which was also almost the time when her parents accepted Islam.
Two further evidences cited by Maulana Muhammad Ali

In the footnotes of his Urdu translation and commentary of Sahih Bukhari, entitled Fadl-ul-Bari, Maulana Muhammad Ali had pointed out reports of two events which show that Aisha could not have been born later than the year of the Call. These are as follows.

1. The above mentioned statement by Aisha in Bukhari, about her earliest memory of her parents being that they were followers of Islam, begins with the following words in its version in Bukhari’s Kitab-ul-Kafalat. We quote this from the English translation of Bukhari by M. Muhsin Khan:

“Since I reached the age when I could remember things, I have seen my parents worshipping according to the right faith of Islam. Not a single day passed but Allah’s Apostle visited us both in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were persecuted, Abu Bakr set out for Ethiopia as an emigrant.” [9]

Commenting on this report, Maulana Muhammad Ali writes:

“This report sheds some light on the question of the age of Aisha. … The mention of the persecution of Muslims along with the emigration to Ethiopia clearly shows that this refers to the fifth or the sixth year of the Call. … At that time Aisha was of an age to discern things, and so her birth could not have been later than the first year of the Call.” [10]

Again, this would make her more than fourteen at the time of the consummation of her marriage.

2. There is a report in Sahih Bukhari as follows:

“On the day (of the battle) of Uhud when (some) people retreated and left the Prophet, I saw Aisha daughter of Abu Bakr and Umm Sulaim, with their robes tucked up so that the bangles around their ankles were visible hurrying with their water skins (in another narration it is said, ‘carrying the water skins on their backs’). Then they would pour the water in the mouths of the people, and return to fill the water skins again and came back again to pour water in the mouths of the people.” [11]

Maulana Muhammad Ali writes in a footnote under this report:

“It should also be noted that Aisha joined the Holy Prophet’s household only one year before the battle of Uhud. According to the common view she would be only ten years of age at this time, which is certainly not a suitable age for the work she did on this occasion. This also shows that she was not so young at this time.” [12]

If, as shown in the previous section above, Aisha was nineteen at the time of the consummation of her marriage, then she would be twenty years old at the time of the battle of Uhud. It may be added that on the earlier occasion of the battle of Badr when some Muslim youths tried, out of eagerness, to go along with the Muslim army to the field of battle, the Holy Prophet Muhammad sent them back on account of their young age (allowing only one such youngster, Umair ibn Abi Waqqas, to accompany his older brother the famous Companion Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas). It seems, therefore, highly unlikely that if Aisha was ten years old the Holy Prophet would have allowed her to accompany the army to the field of battle.

We conclude from all the evidence cited above that Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was nineteen years old when she joined the Holy Prophet as his wife in the year 2 A.H., the nikah or betrothal having taken place five years previously.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:11 schreef ilona-scuderia het volgende:
En hoe oud was de profeet toen, of zijn de meningen daar ook over verdeeld?
Want ja, het staat geschreven hè...

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:16 schreef Triggershot het volgende:
Ah had me bril niet op, een islambashtopic.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:20 schreef ilona-scuderia het volgende:
Whatever, religie is een grote as van het kwaad...

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:21 schreef Megumi het volgende:

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Het is wel degelijk meer dan een religie. En zelfs meer dan een cultuur omdat het een levenswijze is. In tegenstelling tot het christendom wat inderdaad maar een religie is met weinig tot geen invloed op het dagelijks leven van mensen.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:21 schreef Megumi het volgende:

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Het is wel degelijk meer dan een religie. En zelfs meer dan een cultuur omdat het een levenswijze is. In tegenstelling tot het christendom wat inderdaad maar een religie is met weinig tot geen invloed op het dagelijks leven van mensen.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:23 schreef Megumi het volgende:

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Kwestie van optellen.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:24 schreef nietzman het volgende:
Selectief onfeilbaar hoor, die Koran.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 13:28 schreef Megumi het volgende:

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Denk van niet als je naar de afgelopen 2000 jaar kijkt. De islaam heeft nog nooit plannen uitgevoerd om hele culturen om zeep te helpen. Of ben je vergeten wie aan de kruistochten zijn begonnen om maar eens wat te noemen.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 14:55 schreef R@b het volgende:

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Dus de moslims geloven de Sahih Hadith niet meer?, de verzameling als authentiek beschouwde geschriften over het leven van Mohammed en zijn naasten.

Volume 7, Book 62, Number 65:
Narrated 'Aisha:

that the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old. Hisham said: I have been informed that 'Aisha remained with the Prophet for nine years (i.e. till his death)." what you know of the Quran (by heart)'

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Pure nonsens dus jouw verhaal dat alleen critici dat nog aannemen. Het komt moslims misschien goed uit om aan te nemen dat ze geen negen was, maar dat is ze volgens de Sahih Hadith, en die neemt de islamitische wereld heel serieus, wel degelijk: negen.


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Aisha was de dochter van Abu Bakr, een van de belangrijkste volgelingen van de profeet Mohammed (vzmh). Toen ze nog maar negen jaar oud was trouwde ze met Mohammed (vzmh), die toen al 54 was. De huwelijksceremonie was erg eenvoudig, Aisha was nog aan het spelen en werd door haar moeder binnengeroepen en aangekleed. Vervolgens dronken Mohammed (vzmh) en Aisha een schaaltje melk, wat ze deelden met de andere genodigden en hiermee was het huwelijk voltrokken.

Ondanks haar huwelijk bleef Aisha gewoon een klein meisje en haar vriendinnetjes kwamen bij haar spelen

http://mens-en-samenlevin(...)mmed-vzmh-aisha.html


Het enige juiste antwoord op de vraag: Hoe oud was het vriendinnetje van de profeet? luidt: 6 en toen ze trouwde 9.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 15:23 schreef R@b het volgende:

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Ja en? Allemaal geklets en gedraai om die Hadith te ontkrachten.

Prima, maar als die hadtith niet klopt, kun je de rest ook wel wegsmijten. Wie zegt dat die dan wel correct zijn.

Bovendien stel jij: Dat ze 9 was wordt allang al niet meer aangenomen onder de moslims, enkel onder de critici.

Dus alle moslims hebben deze hadith bij het grof vuil geparkeerd en enkel criticasters geloven hem nog wel?

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 15:30 schreef Alulu het volgende:

6 of 12 jaar doet er voor mij niet, gezien de context en andere maatstaven.
Ik voel me dus ook niet in de positie gedrukt om 'dit nou eens te verantwoorden naar niet-Moslims' toe.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 15:34 schreef gelly het volgende:
Sowieso is het frapant dat figuren die de koran als sprookjesboek wegzetten hier op blijven hameren.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 15:40 schreef R@b het volgende:

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Frapant?

Het toont aan dat de man die het sprookjesboek zegt te hebben overgeleverd gekregen van God persoonlijk, er allesbehalve een goddelijke levensstijl op nahield.

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Hij hakte joden de koppen af, deelde het bed met een 9-jarige. Ik zou hem niet graag als mijn profeet hebben.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 15:40 schreef R@b het volgende:

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Frapant?

Het toont aan dat de man die het sprookjesboek zegt te hebben overgeleverd gekregen van God persoonlijk, er allesbehalve een goddelijke levensstijl op nahield.

Hij hakte joden de koppen af, deelde het bed met een 9-jarige. Ik zou hem niet graag als mijn profeet hebben.

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 15:45 schreef gelly het volgende:

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Dus je gelooft dat alles waar is wat er in de Koran en Hadiths staat ?

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Op zaterdag 29 maart 2008 16:08 schreef gelly het volgende:
Ik wacht nog even op een antwoord

_{al blijft dat uit denk ik}