[vulkanen] The ring of Fire

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Op zondag 11 december 2005 21:58 schreef VrAnKiE het volgende:
1e jaars noob aardwetenschappen meldt

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AMBAE ISLAND, Vanuatu (AP) -- An erupting volcano on this remote South Pacific island burst into spectacular life Thursday -- shooting steam and toxic gases 9,845 feet into the sky.

Huge columns of dense white steam and muddy ash spewed above Ambae Island to reach the greatest height seen since the Mt. Manaro volcano began erupting Nov. 27.

Thousands of villagers have been evacuated from the path of a possible lahar, or mud flow, that vulcanologists fear could burst over the crater lip if the eruption continues or intensifies, sweeping away the flimsy homes in its path.

A “red zone'' has been declared around the volcano and several ships were ready to evacuate islanders if the situation worsens dramatically.

New Zealand vulcanologist Brad Scott, who is on Ambae monitoring the eruption, said “it remains a low-level eruption, but it could go either way -- worsen or slowly subside.''

The plumes of steam and gases were bursting from a huge vent in the middle of a muddy gray-brown Lake Vui in the crater -- which before the eruptions began last month was a picturesque calm aqua blue.

Pilot Charles Nelson of local charter company Flight Club Vila said the lake “is looking like a huge grubby bowl of hot kava,'' referring to a murky local drink made of the pounded roots of a local pepper plant mixed with water.

Nelson was speaking after flying close to the erupting volcano Thursday morning.

Dead trees ring the edge of the crater, while trees in dense jungle nearby were covered in ash that has been belching from the volcano.

The huge smoke, ash and gas plume cast a shadow over now deserted villages clinging to the volcano's flank.

Some 5,000 villagers -- half the island's population -- are squatting in townships in low-lying areas of the northwest and southeast corners of the small island, one of more than 80 in the archipelago, which is studded with active and dormant volcanoes. The islands, with a total population of 200,000 people, are 1,400 miles northeast of Sydney, Australia.

“We're worried but it's still not increasing its activity and remains on level 2,'' or yellow alert, local transport operator Simean Tali said.

The ships mean “we should get off (the island) if it goes up,'' he added.

Two hospitals on the island have been emptied of patients, and teams of doctors and nurses were on call to fly to Ambae from the capital, Port Vila, if a major eruption occurs, the National Disaster Management Office said.

“Maybe nothing is going to happen, but it is better to be ready than not,'' the Daily Post newspaper quoted Prime Minister Ham Lini as saying.

Ambae, an hour's flight northeast from Port Vila, lies near the islands of Pentecost and Maewo, which could be used to help resettle people displaced by a major eruption.

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Op maandag 12 december 2005 12:26 schreef zoalshetis het volgende:
en als ze allemaal uitbarsten hebben we straks elk jaar een elfstedentocht.

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Op maandag 12 december 2005 12:41 schreef Frutsel het volgende:

[..]

met een wereldbevolking van 1 miljard misschien...

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Immer wieder haben auch große Vulkanausbrüche (z.B. Proto-Krakatau im 6.Jh., Tambora 1815, Krakatau 1883) große Mengen Staub und Asche in die Atmosphäre gewirbelt und dadurch eine Klimaabkühlung bewirkt. Der Tambora-Ausbruch 1815 in Indonesien z.B. erzeugte eine weltweite Kälteperiode bis ca. 1819. Die Temperaturen in Europa sanken um 2,5 °C, in den USA schneite es 1816 mitten im Sommer. Die Periode 1815-1819 zählt bis heute zu den kältesten.
Manche Kälteperioden der Vergangenheit könnten durch große Vulkanausbrüche verursacht worden sein. mehr dazu.. [wissenschaft.de].
Auch der im historischen Vergleich kleine Ausbruch des Pinatubo 1991 [vulkanausbruch.de] verursachte eine deutliche Absenkung der Sommertemperatur 1992/93 um ca. 0,5 °C.
Der vorerst letzte Ausbruch eines Supervulkans (Toba auf Sumatra vor 74000 Jahren) bewirkte eine weltweite Temperaturabsenkung um ca. 5° C (in Mitteleuropa sogar um 15 ° C) und verursachte dadurch einen "vulkanischen Winter", der als Ursache dafür vermutet wird, dass damals die weltweite Bevölkerung bis auf ca. 5000 - 10.000 Menschen dezimiert wurde. Die Gattung Mensch wäre damals beinahe ausgelöscht worden.
Ein jüngeres Beispiel ist der katastrophale Vulkanausbruch auf Santorin (1645 vor Chr.): Ein Großteil der Insel wurde in die Luft gesprengt, der Ägäisraum durch Erdbeben und Flutwellen verwüstet, das sagenumwobene Atlantis könnte Opfer der Flutwelle geworden sein

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Op maandag 12 december 2005 19:26 schreef -CRASH- het volgende:
Vulkanen en dinosaurussen.... Goeië combinatie Dino staat er al enkele jaren
[afbeelding]
^{White Island vulkaan bij Nieuw-Zeeland}

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Op maandag 12 december 2005 23:00 schreef star_gazer het volgende:
Ik ga de dag na kerst 2 weken rondreizen op Java en Bali. Ik ga o.a. de Bromovulkaan bezoeken. Heb er helemaal zin in

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Op maandag 12 december 2005 23:27 schreef -CRASH- het volgende:
Hij staat nu in de schaduw.

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Op vrijdag 16 december 2005 15:16 schreef -CRASH- het volgende:
De Mt. St. Helens volcanocam
[afbeelding]

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QUITO, Dec. 15 (Xinhuanet) -- Ecuadorean President Alfredo Palaciohas declared a state of emergency because of recent destruction caused by the Tungurahua volcano which reactivated three years ago.

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SISTERS, Ore. -- The swelling bulge on the west flank of the South Sister volcano is slowing and geologists say there are no signs that the uplifted region will erupt in the near future.

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This morning, another small explosion occurred, similar to one last week. The Alaska Volcano Observatory says it stopped receiving a signal from the site this morning, indicating the explosion damaged it. Clouds made it too difficult to see the small plume emitted today.


Last Friday night, a similar but bigger explosion occurred, and scientists say more could be on the way.

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Op zaterdag 17 december 2005 14:11 schreef francorex het volgende:
Anchorage, Alaska - There was another explosion today on Augustine Volcano. This time, scientists believe their own seismic station was damaged.

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Op zondag 11 december 2005 23:01 schreef star_gazer het volgende:

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Utrecht?

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Op maandag 19 december 2005 00:05 schreef VrAnKiE het volgende:

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yep

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ANCHORAGE, Alaska, Dec 22 (Reuters) - A restless volcano near Alaska's most populated region is being watched by scientists and officials, who warned on Thursday of the risk of clouds of ash and a tsunami from a possible eruption.

The intensifying rumblings in the past few weeks at Augustine Volcano, an island peak 175 miles (280 km) southwest of Anchorage in Cook Inlet, have produced a series of steam explosions, releases of sulfur gas and signs that there may be an eruption similar to events in 1986 and 1976 which sent ash clouds as high as 40,000 feet (12,000 m), scientists said.

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Op vrijdag 16 december 2005 15:16 schreef -CRASH- het volgende:
De Mt. St. Helens volcanocam
[afbeelding]

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According to the Associated Press, scientists say the Augustine Volcano will likely erupt in the next few weeks.

Scientists say it's likely the volcano's magma has already risen above sea level, and is continuing to rise in the 41-hundred-foot island volcano in Cook Inlet.

The Alaska Volcano Observatory says tremors diminished this past week. But they say that does not mean the danger has lessened.

Scientists say in 1986 the island blew off steam and then trembled for eight weeks, before finally erupting. Scientists say instruments picked up a few minor steam bursts this week.

The volcano is 75 miles southwest of Homer.

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JAKARTA. January 14. KAZINFORM. - Head of the Volcanological and Geological Disaster Mitigation Center(PVMBG) Yousana OP Siagian said at least 10 volcanoes in Indonesia have been declared to be in alert status.

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Alaska volcano disrupts flights

Some flights to and from Alaska have been cancelled after a series of volcanic eruptions.
The Augustine volcano has sent plumes of smoke 15km (10 miles) into the sky.

The mountain, on an uninhabited island, has been erupting since Wednesday. Scientists said the "eruptive period" might last for months.

Alaska Airlines cancelled 28 flights using Anchorage and Fairbanks airports, while people living many miles away were warned about possible ash falls.

Augustine rises 1,260m (4,134 feet) out of Alaska's Cook Inlet, forming its own island, and is one of the most active volcanoes in the area, the Alaska Volcano Observatory says.

Months of rumbling earthquakes warned experts of the imminent explosions - the first eruptions in 20 years.

"This is typical Augustine behaviour," said the observatory's Tina Neal.

"This is one big eruption period, and it's going to have several sub-events that we might call eruptive pulses," she added.

Ash plume

A pilot had reported ash as high as 15,850m (52,000 feet).

Ash can be a danger to aeroplanes if it gets into their engines.

Alaska Airlines said flights, including those servicing Los Angeles and Seattle, would be suspended until late on Saturday, at least, while Era Aviation also cancelled flights.

A "very light dusting" of ash was reported near Homer, about 120 km (75 miles) north-east of Augustine.

Meanwhile, to the south, about 16,000 residents of Kenai Peninsula and Kodiak Island were warned about the ash cloud, and schools were closed.

Ash in the atmosphere can pose a health risk - especially for people with respiratory problems.

"Just don't go out if you don't have to," said Charlie Franz, chief executive officer of South Peninsula Hospital in Homer.