Campi Flegrei Napels: Supervulkaan kan leven Europa in bedreigen

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New earthquake swarm in Campi Flegrei, Italy

An earthquake swarm began in the Campi Flegrei area of southern Italy at 07:58 LT (06:58 UTC) on January 13, 2025.

The Campi Flegrei volcanic area, located near Naples in southern Italy, experienced a seismic swarm starting at 06:58 UTC on January 13.

Italy’s National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) reported the strongest event in the sequence having a magnitude of 1.2 ± 0.3 with a total of 95 localized earthquakes recorded so far. The depths of earthquakes ranged between 0.2 km (0.1 miles) and 3.1 km (1.9 miles).

The main events included an earthquake at 12:31 UTC with a magnitude of 0.6 ± 0.3 recorded at a depth of 2.9 km (1.8 miles). Another event at 07:04 UTC had a magnitude of 0.4 ± 0.3 with a depth of 1.9 km (1.2 miles). At 07:03 UTC, an earthquake with a magnitude of 1.1 ± 0.3 occurred at a depth of 0.4 km (0.2 miles).

The largest event was at 06:58 UTC with a magnitude of 1.2 ± 0.3 at a depth of 2.1 km (1.3 miles). The nearest seismic station was just 0.5 km (0.3 miles) from the epicenter.

While such events are common in seismically active regions like Campi Flegrei, their shallow nature can lead to increased felt intensity, even at lower magnitudes.

The Campanian volcanoes, Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and the island of Ischia, represent the most monitored and studied volcanic areas in the world because of the risk associated with a possible resumption of volcanic activity.

The ongoing swarm adds to the long history of seismic activity in the Campi Flegrei which is a 13 km (8 miles) wide volcanic complex. It encompasses Naples and extends south into the Gulf of Pozzuoli.

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Regio rond supervulkaan nabij Napels opgeschrikt door aardbevingen
Het gebied rond de Zuid-Italiaanse grootstad Napels is opgeschrikt door verschillende aardbevingen. De zwaarste beving werd geregistreerd met een magnitude van 3,1 op de schaal van Richter, volgens het Nationaal Instituut voor Geofysica en Vulkanologie (INGV) .

Het epicentrum van de schok, die zich voordeed rond 9 uur ‘s ochtends lokale tijd, lag in de zogenaamde Flegreïsche Velden, een deel van de caldera van een supervulkaan. Voorlopig zijn er geen gewonden of grote schade gemeld. Uit voorzorg hebben meerdere scholen wel de lessen onderbroken.

De Campi Flegrei, of Flegreïsche Velden, is een gebied met frequente vulkanische activiteiten en wordt al een tijdje geteisterd door kleine en iets zwaardere aardbevingen. Onderzoekers roepen al langer op voor extra voorzichtigheid vanwege deze aardbevingen. In de regio geldt al meer dan tien jaar code geel.

De supervulkaan
Supervulkanen onderscheiden zich door hun bijzonder grote magmakamer en enorme kracht: ze barsten daadwerkelijk uit, in tegenstelling tot gewone vulkanen.

In mei 2024 werd het gebied getroffen door de zwaarste aardbevingen van de afgelopen veertig jaar. De krachtigste beving uit die reeks had een kracht van 4,4 op de schaal van Richter. Na die schokken nam de regering in Rome nieuwe maatregelen en er kondigde ook plannen aan voor een mogelijke evacuatie van het gebied.

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Earthquake swarm recorded in Campi Flegrei, Italy

An earthquake swarm began in the Campi Flegrei area of southern Italy at 08:03 LT (07:03 UTC) on February 5, 2025.

An earthquake swarm was detected at Campi Flegrei between 08:03 and 13:05 LT (07:03 and 12:05 UTC) on February 5, 2025. A total of 63 earthquakes were detected, with the highest magnitude event measured at 3.1 at a depth of 0.3 km (984 feet), according to the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV).

The earthquakes are concentrated within the Campi Flegrei, a large volcanic area west of Naples. The events vary in depth with the shallowest recorded at 0.1 km (328 feet) and the deepest reaching 4.4 km (2.7 miles).

The total number of localized earthquakes in the Campi Flegrei region for the year 2025 has now reached 449

The Campi Flegrei area has been experiencing increased seismic activity in recent years, with scientists closely monitoring potential geophysical changes. Further analysis will determine if the swarm is linked to ongoing subsurface magmatic processes or tectonic adjustments within the caldera.

The Campanian volcanoes, Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and the island of Ischia, represent the most monitored and studied volcanic areas in the world because of the risk associated with a possible resumption of volcanic activity.

The ongoing swarm adds to the long history of seismic activity in the Campi Flegrei which is a 13 km (8 miles) wide volcanic complex. It encompasses Naples and extends south into the Gulf of Pozzuoli.

The region’s geology is marked by extensive ground deformation, fumarolic activity, and seismicity because of the underlying magmatic and hydrothermal systems.

Campi Flegrei has experienced cycles of uplift and subsidence since Roman times. Its earliest known volcanic products date back approximately 47 000 years.

The caldera was formed after two major explosive eruptions, the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption about 36 000 years ago and the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) eruption around 15 000 years ago, which ejected over 40 km3 (9.6 mi3) of material.

After the NYT eruption, numerous smaller eruptions occurred from scattered vents both on land and underwater. Most activity was concentrated in three periods: 15 000 – 9 500 years ago, 8 600 – 8 200 years ago, and 4 800 – 3 800 years ago.

The most recent eruptions were recorded in 1158 CE at Solfatara and in 1538 CE (VEI 3) when the Monte Nuovo cinder cone was formed.

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Op vrijdag 7 februari 2025 18:20 schreef Momo het volgende:
[ x ]

Toeval of niet, tegelijk activiteit op Santorini?

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Op vrijdag 7 februari 2025 18:24 schreef MissButterflyy het volgende:

[..]
En Sicily als ik je kaartje zo zie?

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Op vrijdag 7 februari 2025 18:20 schreef Momo het volgende:
[ x ]

Toeval of niet, tegelijk activiteit op Santorini?

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Op dit moment is er nog een seismische zwerm gaande op #CampiFlegrei . De zwaarste schokgolf uit de reeks had een magnitude van 2,6 en was duidelijk voelbaar in het gebied van de Flegreïsche Velden. De laatste dagen is er weer sprake van bijzonder sterke seismische activiteit in de caldera.

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de schok die om 00:19 werd gevoeld, had een magnitude van 3,9 en vond plaats tussen Solfatara en Pisciarelli op een diepte van 2 km. Behalve in het Flegreïsche gebied was de schok ook sterk voelbaar in Napels, Ischia en aan de Domitiaanse kust.

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Andere schokken zijn nog gaande en moeten nog door de INGV worden geparametriseerd. Sinds vanmiddag zijn er meer dan 150 aardbevingen geregistreerd, waaronder twee met een kracht van 3,9: één om 15.30 uur in de Golf van Pozzuoli en één om 00.19 uur bij Solfatara.

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Over 200 earthquakes recorded during earthquake swarm in Campi Flegrei, Italy

An earthquake swarm began in the Campi Flegrei area of southern Italy at 16:53 LT (15:53 UTC) on February 15, 2025. The strongest in the series thus far was M3.9 on February 16.

A new earthquake swarm started at Campi Flegrei at 16:53 LT (15:53 UTC) on February 15. The area has recorded more than 203 earthquakes over the next 24 hours, with the strongest reaching M3.9 ± 0.3 on February 16, according to the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV).

The earthquakes are concentrated in the caldera around Solfatara and Agnano.

The quakes are occurring at shallow depths between 0.2 km (0.12 miles) and 4.2 km (2.61 miles), a key characteristic of activity associated with ground deformation in Campi Flegrei.

Multiple earthquakes at varying depths were recorded on February 17, including M1.5 at 07:42 UTC, M2.7 at 07:14 UTC, M2.8 at 07:14:11 UTC, and M3.2 at 07:12 UTC.

The Campi Flegrei area has been experiencing increased seismic activity in recent years, with scientists closely monitoring potential geophysical changes. Further analysis will determine if the swarm is linked to ongoing subsurface magmatic processes or tectonic adjustments within the caldera.

The Campanian volcanoes, Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and the island of Ischia, represent the most monitored and studied volcanic areas in the world because of the risk associated with a possible resumption of volcanic activity.

The ongoing swarm adds to the long history of seismic activity in the Campi Flegrei, a 13 km (8 miles) wide volcanic complex encompassing Naples and extending south into the Gulf of Pozzuoli.

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Napels opnieuw getroffen door reeks lichte aardbevingen

Het gebied rond Napels, in het zuiden van Italië, is opgeschrikt door een reeks lichte aardbevingen. In de nacht van zondag op maandag had de krachtigste beving een magnitude van 3,9, zo meldt het Nationale Instituut voor

De zwaarste schok vond plaats rond 0.20 uur in de zogenaamde Flegreïsche Velden, een gebied met veel vulkanische activiteit enkele kilometers buiten het centrum van de stad. Het was de tweede beving met een magnitude van 3,9 die het gebied in minder dan 12 uur trof. In de afgelopen drie dagen werd het gebied minstens elf keer getroffen door bevingen met een kracht van 2 of hoger.

In eerste instantie waren er geen meldingen van schade of gewonden, maar scholen in de gemeente Pozzuoli zouden maandag uit voorzorg gesloten blijven, aldus burgemeester Gigi Manzoni volgens het Italiaanse persbureau Ansa. Ook in mei vorig jaar werd de regio tussen Napels en Pozzuoli getroffen door een tamelijk zware beving, met een kracht van 4,4, met het epicentrum in de Flegreïsche Velden.

De Campi Flegrei, of Flegreïsche Velden, is een gebied waar veel vulkanische activiteiten worden vastgesteld en dat sinds enige tijd wordt geteisterd door lichte maar ook iets zwaardere aardbevingen. Vanwege die aardbevingen roepen onderzoekers al langer op tot voorzichtigheid. In de regio geldt sinds meer dan tien jaar code geel.

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Over 550 earthquakes recorded at Campi Flegrei caldera, prompting school closures in Pozzuoli, Italy

An intense earthquake swarm is in progress in the Campi Flegrei volcanic caldera, southern Italy, since 15:53 UTC on February 15, 2025. More than 556 earthquakes with magnitudes up to M3.9 were registered by 13:00 UTC on February 18. As a precautionary measure, schools in the town of Pozzuoli, which is close to the epicenter of the earthquakes, are closed today.

An intense earthquake swarm started at Campi Flegrei volcanic caldera — also known as Phlegrean Fields — at 16:53 LT (15:53 UTC) on February 15, with the area recording more than 556 earthquakes by 13:00 UTC on February 18, according to data provided by the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV).

The two strongest earthquakes measured M3.9. The first occurred in the Gulf of Pozzuoli at 15:30 LT (14:30 UTC) on February 16, and the second near Pozzuoli at 00:19 LT on February 17 (23:19 UTC on February 16).

In response to the increasing seismicity, Pozzuoli Mayor Gigi Manzoni ordered the closure of schools on February 18 to allow municipal technicians to conduct structural safety inspections.

The country’s Civil Protection Department also deployed volunteer emergency responders and established temporary shelters for displaced residents in Pozzuoli, Bacoli, and Naples.

Nello Musumeci, Civil Protection Minister, has appointed a special commissioner to oversee risk-prevention measures and has raised concerns over urban development in this seismically active region.

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Op vrijdag 21 februari 2025 01:50 schreef yessie234 het volgende:
De Etna is weer actief, een van de ondergrondse in de buurt van Stromboli. Bij NPO en VRT een berichtje over het vulkanisme toerisme, en hoe lokale hulpverleners met lede ogen aanzien dat deze mensen slecht gekleed de ronkende Etna van dichtbij bekijken. Ze kunnen de toeristen niet tegenhouden, blijkbaar omdat ze ervan uit gaan toch wel gered te zullen worden.

https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws(...)-sicilie-skien-lava/

Ander filmpje met interview op website nos.nieuws van vandaag.

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Earthquake swarm and ground uplift at Campi Flegrei, Italy

Over 600 earthquakes were recorded at Campi Flegrei, Italy, between February 17 and 23, 2025, with the largest measuring M3.2. Around 1 cm (0.4 inches) of ground uplift was observed in the area of maximum deformation, coinciding with the onset of an earthquake swarm on February 15.

Seismic monitoring stations near the Campi Flegrei caldera registered a preliminary total of 692 earthquakes in a swarm that started at 15:53 UTC on February 15 and ended at 23:53 UTC on February 19. Two more swarms of much lower intensity (less than 30 events) were registered over the next 3 days.

According to the latest weekly bulletin from the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), the strongest earthquake of this period reached M3.2, with most activity centered in the Solfatara-Pisciarelli sector.

Notably, between February 15 and 16, a localized uplift of about 1 cm (0.4 inches) was observed, coinciding with the onset of a seismic swarm. However, no significant uplift changes have been detected since February 16.

Since August 2024, the average uplift rate at the RITE GNSS station—located in the zone of greatest deformation—has been about 10 ± 3 mm (0.4 ± 0.12 inches) per month. INGV data indicate the total uplift at RITE has reached roughly 21 cm (8.3 inches) since January 2024.

Geochemical parameters did not show substantial variations during the reporting period of February 17 to 23. The temperature sensor near the Pisciarelli fumarole measured a weekly average of about 97°C (206 °F), aligning with previously observed trends in hydrothermal heating and gas emissions.

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Op donderdag 13 maart 2025 09:10 schreef MissButterflyy het volgende:
Vannacht weer een zwaardere aardbeving daar.

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Schade aan huizen en auto's door aardbeving in Napels

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Earthquake swarm prompts state of emergency for Campi Flegrei, Italy

A state of emergency was declared for Italy’s Campi Flegrei area on May 13, 2025, following an M4.4 earthquake within a swarm of earthquakes that produced 49 registered events. The swarm began at 12:06 LT on May 13 and ended during the morning hours of May 14, according to the INGV Vesuvian Observatory. The Campi Flegrei caldera is one of Europe’s most closely monitored volcanic areas due to its dense population and history of significant unrest.

A state of emergency was declared for the Campi Flegrei area in southern Italy on May 13, following an M4.4 earthquake and a series of related seismic events.

The decision was announced by Civil Protection Minister Nello Musumeci with the goal of expediting ongoing risk mitigation procedures in response to the area’s increased seismicity attributed to bradyseism

“The persistence of the seismic swarm, which in two months has recorded three shocks clearly felt by the population, suggests the need to proceed with the declaration of a state of national emergency in the Campi Flegrei area,” Musumeci said.

The M4.4 earthquake occurred at 10:07 UTC (12:07 LT) near Pozzuoli, part of the Campi Flegrei caldera west of Naples. A subsequent M3.5 earthquake followed at 10:22 UTC.

The seismic events prompted evacuations of schools and public buildings, suspension of regional train services, and activation of emergency coordination centers.

According to the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) Vesuvian Observatory, the seismic swarm began at 10:06 UTC on May 13 and consisted of 49 events with local magnitudes (Md) ranging from below 0.0 to a maximum of Md 4.4 ± 0.3. All earthquakes were located within the Campi Flegrei area.

The swarm ended during the morning hours of Wednesday, May 14.

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Op woensdag 14 mei 2025 14:54 schreef Frutsel het volgende:

[..]

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Scientists issue warning supervolcano that could 'plunge the planet into chaos' is awakening

One of the world's most dangerous supervolcanos could be on the brink of a devastating eruption, as scientists issue warnings claiming that it could plunge the planet into chaos.

Volcanoes are some of the most fascinating yet dangerous natural phenomenons across the world, and they remain somewhat unquantifiable by even the most knowledgable experts in the scientific world.

Underwater volcanoes in the arctic could have catastrophic effects on global sea-levels if they erupt in their hundreds, and only recently were we able to observe jaw-dropping footage of a 1,000 foot magma fountain in Hawaii.

Scientists have now alerted people towards a far more dangerous prospect currently brewing in Italy though, as there's a historic supervolcano that could very well be on the verge of eruption.

Which supervolcano have scientists issued a warning for?
As reported by the Daily Mail, the Campi Flegrei volcanic caldera near Naples in Italy is an area of particular danger right now, and multiple warning signs point towards an imminent eruption which would likely cause catastrophic damage.

Translating literally to 'burning fields', this large cauldron-like supervolcano is actually part of the Campanian volcanic arc that also includes the infamous Mount Vesuvius that laid Pompeii to waste in 79 AD.

Scientists worry that Campi Flegrei's eruption could be near, and the results would be catastrophic (Vincenzo Izzo/LightRocket via Getty Images)Scientists worry that Campi Flegrei's eruption could be near, and the results would be catastrophic (Vincenzo Izzo/LightRocket via Getty Images)
Scientists worry that Campi Flegrei's eruption could be near, and the results would be catastrophic (Vincenzo Izzo/LightRocket via Getty Images)
The sheer size and magma build up within Camp Flegrei could possibly produce an event on that scale too if (or potentially when) it does erupt too, with the risk stretching to roughly 4,000,000 people in the wider metropolitan area of Naples.

What signs are there that it'll erupt?
Scientists have highlighted two primary signs that indicate the risk of eruption with Campi Flegrei, with the first being the increase in seismic activity in the surrounding area.

More than 3,000 tremors (amounting to smaller earthquakes) have been recorded in the last six months, and it's extremely common for eruptions to occur following heightened seismic activity due to the pressure that builds up inside the volcano.

This pushes the magma upwards to the top of the crater, and once it breaks through that's when the lava and magma is released.

Additionally, researchers have also noticed a jump in gaseous emissions releasing from Campi Flegrei, with daily levels of carbon dioxide estimated to be between 4,000 and 5,000 tons.

Volcanoes can release gas when the rocks inside naturally interact, but around 80% of the carbon dioxide currently emitting from the volcano is understood to be a consequence of magma that sits just a few miles under the surface.

How dangerous would the eruption be?
As mentioned, if Campi Flegrei were to erupt then it would affect roughly 4,000,000 people in the area surrounding Naples, with the vast majority of the damage affecting the city.

This would also stretch to nearby towns such as Pozzuoli, and damage would likely be catastrophic with buildings and other major structures destroyed by a combination of lava, hot gas, and ash clouds.

It would also have a knock-on effect on conditions after the eruption, as access to power, water, and other essential utilties would likely be cut off, making life extremely difficult.

One of the biggest risks is that it's difficult for scientists to accurately predict when an eruption like this will occur, making any evacuation measures prove challenging to organize.

Campi Flegrei hasn't erupted in nearly half a millennia, with the last one coming all the way back in 1538, but many are hoping that wait continues as the results could be horrific.

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Scientists May Have Found a Way To Stop Italy’s Awakening Supervolcano

Stanford researchers linked Campi Flegrei’s earthquakes to groundwater pressure, not magma. Managing water flow could reduce seismic risk in the region.

Since 2022, southern Italy has experienced increasingly intense swarms of earthquakes, putting hundreds of thousands of people at risk in the volcanic region of Campi Flegrei, where the ground slowly rises and falls. As officials continue to weigh evacuation plans and disaster response strategies, researchers may have identified a potential method to stop this recurring unrest: managing surface water runoff or reducing groundwater levels to lower fluid pressure in the geothermal reservoir.

Using subsurface imaging and laboratory experiments, scientists at Stanford have demonstrated that pressure from trapped water and vapor beneath Campi Flegrei can cause earthquakes when the caprock, or surface layer, becomes sealed. Published in Science Advances, the study found that this buildup of pressure was responsible for seismic activity and ground deformation in both the early 1980s and more recently, over the past 15 years, leading the team to uncover the key driving mechanism.

These results challenge the long-standing belief that earthquakes in the area are caused by magma or gas rising to the surface from deeper melt zones. Instead, the study reveals how the gradual recharge of water into the reservoir affects land deformation and elevation changes over time.

“To address the problem, we can manage surface runoff and water flow, or even reduce pressure by withdrawing fluids from wells,” said senior study author Tiziana Vanorio, an associate professor of Earth and planetary sciences at the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability.

The researchers analyzed recurring patterns and common characteristics in the imaging of subsurface structures and earthquakes from Campi Flegrei’s two most recent periods of unrest. Characterized by land uplift and burst-like shaking, accompanied by rumbling sounds that have become a signature feature for the population, scientists suspect this activity signals steam-driven explosions, triggered when liquid water rapidly flashes to steam during fracturing caused by earthquakes. The study includes data from the unrest of 1982-1984 and 2011-2024.

“We have been looking at something that occurred decades apart, but there are profound similarities in the imaging, which point not only to a cyclical pattern of the phenomenon but also to a common underlying cause,” said co-author Grazia De Landro, a researcher at the University of Naples Federico II, Italy, and visiting scholar at Stanford. “From there started the idea to work together, especially looking at rock physics. Using rock physics is the only way to say something quantitative about the imaging of the subsurface.”

The Campi Flegrei volcanic area hosts a capped geothermal reservoir beneath the town of Pozzuoli, west of Naples and Mount Vesuvius. The area has been continuously monitored since the unrest in 1982-1984, when the land rose more than 6 feet and Pozzuoli’s harbor became so shallow that ships could no longer dock. After that, a magnitude-4 earthquake and thousands of microquakes prompted the evacuation of 40,000 people from Pozzuoli.

“It’s been a challenge for the last three years. Many buildings have been damaged by the continuous shaking, and some people don’t have homes,” said Vanorio, who grew up in Pozzuoli and was forced to evacuate in the 1980s. “This project is my goal as a citizen now, not just as a geophysicist, because the study suggests that unrest can be managed, rather than just monitored, opening the way to prevention.”

Land that ‘breathes’
Campi Flegrei is an 8-mile-wide caldera, a vast depression formed by major eruptions about 39,000 and 15,000 years ago, which caused the collapse of Earth’s surface. The caldera experiences uplift and subsidence, with the land rising and sinking, even without an eruption. After the unrest in 1982-1984, the area sank by about 3 feet. For subsidence to occur, mass must be released from the subsurface, which can include magma, water, vapor, and carbon dioxide.

Residents of Pozzuoli note the way the caldera “breathes,” emitting fumes and moving the ground, sometimes meters up or down over a short time.