Geschiedenis van Israel

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Op vrijdag 16 juli 2004 20:05 schreef SirBenniMiles het volgende:

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Niet off-topic gaan. En als je iets beweert, ook al is het off-topic. Objectieve bronnen graag.

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Mossad
The Institute for Intelligence and Special Tasks
[ha-Mossad le-Modiin ule-Tafkidim Meyuhadim]

Mossad [Hebrew for ?institute?] has responsibility for human intelligence collection, covert action, and counterterrorism. Its focus is on Arab nations and organizations throughout the world. Mossad also is responsible for the clandestine movement of Jewish refugees out of Syria, Iran, and Ethiopia. Mossad agents are active in the former communist countries, in the West, and at the UN.

Mossad is headquartered in Tel Aviv. The staff of Mossad was estimated during the late 1980s to number between 1,500 to 2,000 personnel, with more recent estimates placing the staff at an estimated 1,200 personnel. The identity of the director of Mossad was traditionally a state secret, or at least not widely publicized, but in March 1996 the Government announced the appointment of Major General Danny Yatom as the replacement for Shabtai Shavit, who resigned in early 1996. In September 2002, Meir Dagan was designated the new Mossad director.

Formerly known as the Central Institute for Coordination and the Central Institute for Intelligence and Security, Mossad was formed on 01 April 1951. Mossad was established by then Prime Minister David Ben Gurion, who gave as Mossad's primary directive: "For our state which since its creation has been under siege by its enemies. Intelligence constitutes the first line of defence...we must learn well how to recognise what is going on around us."

Mossad has a total of eight departments, though some details of the internal organization of the agency remain obscure.
Collections Department is the largest, with responsibility for espionage operations, with offices abroad under both diplomatic and unofficial cover. The department consists of a number of desks which are responsible for specific geographical regions, directing case officers based at "stations" around the world, and the agents they control. Beginning in 2000, the Mossad undertook an advertising campaign to promote recruitment of collection officers. See a June 2001 recruiting poster here. A flash version of the recruiting ad, published September 2002, may be viewed here.
Political Action and Liaison Department conducts political activities and liaison with friendly foreign intelligence services and with nations with which Israel does not have normal diplomatic relations. In larger stations, such as Paris, Mossad customarily had under embassy cover two regional controllers: one to serve the Collections Department and the other the Political Action and Liaison Department.
Special Operations Division, also known as Metsada, conducts highly sensitive assassination, sabotage, paramilitary, and psychological warfare projects.
LAP (Lohamah Psichologit) Department is responsible for psychological warfare, propaganda and deception operations.
Research Department is responsible for intelligence production, including daily situation reports, weekly summaries and detailed monthly reports. The Department is organized into 15 geographically specialized sections or "desks", including the USA, Canada and Western Europe, Latin America, Former Soviet Union, China, Africa, the Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia), Libya, Iraq, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Iran. A "nuclear" desk is focused on special weapons related issues.
Technology Department is responsible for development of advanced technologies for support of Mossad operations. In April 2001, the Mossad published a "help wanted" ad in the Israeli press seeking electronics engineers and computer scientists for the Mossad technology unit.

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Israel Defense Forces
Tzvah Haganah L'Yisrael
Israel's ground, air, and naval forces, known as the Israel Defense Force (IDF), fall under the command of a single general staff. Conscription is universal for Jewish men and women over the age of 18, although exemptions may be made on religious grounds. Druze, members of a small Islamic sect living in Israel's mountains, also serve in the IDF. Israeli Arabs, with few exceptions, do not serve. During 1950-66, Israel spent an average of 9% of GDP on defense. Real defense expenditures increased dramatically after both the 1967 and 1973 wars. In 1996, the military budget reached 10.6% of GDP and represented about 21.5% of the total 1996 budget.

The highest ranking IDF officer, the only officer to hold the rank of lieutenant general, is the chief of staff, who is chairman of the general staff and is responsible to the minister of defense. The general staff is in charge of "professional" matters, such as organization, training, and the planning and execution of military operations.

The general staff has as its members the chief of general staff branch (operations), the chiefs of manpower, logistics, and intelligence; the three area commanders; and the commanding officers of the air force, navy, and ground corps. The ground corps commander was responsible for training, doctrine, and development of equipment for the four combat corps of paratroop/infantry, armor, artillery, and engineers. Operational control of the ground forces went through a separate chain of command from the chief of staff directly to the three area commanders--Northern (forces facing Syria and Lebanon); Central (forces facing Jordan); and Southern (forces facing Egypt)--who in turn exercised command over divisions and brigades.

The IDF, founded in 1948, ranks among the most battle-trained armed forces in the world, having had to defend the country in five major wars. Currently, the IDF's security objectives are to defend the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the State of Israel, deter all enemies and curb all forms of terrorism which threaten daily life. Its main tasks include reinforcing the peace arrangements; ensuring overall security in the West Bank and Gaza Strip in coordination with the Palestinian Authority; spearheading the war against terrorism, both inside Israel and across its borders; and maintaining a deterrent capability to prevent the outbreak of hostilities.

To ensure its success, the IDF's doctrine at the strategic level is defensive, while its tactics are offensive. Given the country's lack of territorial depth, the IDF must take initiative when deemed necessary and, if attacked, to quickly transfer the battleground to the enemy's land. Though it has always been outnumbered by its enemies, the IDF maintains a qualitative advantage by deploying advanced weapons systems, many of which are developed and manufactured in Israel for its specific needs. The IDF's main resource, however, is the high calibre of its soldiers.

In preparing for defense, the IDF deploys a small standing army (made up of conscripts and career personnel) with early warning capability, and a regular air force and navy. The majority of its forces are reservists, who are called up regularly for training and service and who, in time of war or crisis, are quickly mobilized into their units from all parts of the country.

The IDF's three service branches (ground forces, air force and navy) function under a unified command, headed by the chief-of-staff, with the rank of lieutenant-general, who is responsible to the minister of defense. The chief-of staff is appointed by the government, on recommendation of the prime minister and minister of defense, for a three-year term, which is usually extended for an additional year.

Except when combat duty is involved, men and women soldiers of all ranks serve side by side as technicians, communications and intelligence specialists, combat instructors, cartographers, administrative and ordnance personnel, computer operators, doctors, lawyers and the like.

The IDF is responsive to the cultural and social needs of its soldiers, providing recreational and educational activities, as well as personal support services. Recruits with incomplete educational backgrounds are given opportunities to upgrade their level of education, and career officers are encouraged to study at the IDF's expense during their service. The integration of new immigrant soldiers is facilitated through special Hebrew language instruction and other programs. Active in nation-building enterprises since its inception, the IDF also provides remedial and supplementary education to civilian populations and contributes to the absorption of newcomers among the population at large. In times of national crisis or emergency, the IDF responds immediately with appropriate action and assigns trained personnel to fill essential jobs or carry out special tasks.

All eligible men and women are drafted at age 18. Men serve for three years, women for 21 months. Deferments may be granted to qualified students at institutions of higher education. New immigrants may be deferred or serve for shorter periods of time, depending on their age and personal status on entering the country. Upon completion of compulsory service, each soldier is assigned to a reserve unit. Men up to age 51 serve up to 39 days a year, a period of time which can be extended in times of emergency. Veterans of compulsory service meeting current IDF needs may sign up as career officers or NCOs. The career service constitutes the command and administrative backbone of the IDF. Graduates of officers' or pilots' schools or special military technical schools are required to sign on for periods of career service.

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Op woensdag 14 juli 2004 17:39 schreef sp3c het volgende:

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ik doelde op de goede man zijn illustere bijnaam

voor Westerling en vaderland!!!!

nu alle para's met mij!!

VOOR WESTERLING AAN VADERLAND!!!!

(nu ben ik voorlopig nog geen para maar er wordt aangewerkt)

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Op vrijdag 16 juli 2004 20:21 schreef golfer het volgende:
Voor een redelijk accurate site met de geschiedenis van Israël verwijs ik jullie graag naar DEZE SITE

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Op zaterdag 17 juli 2004 01:40 schreef provo het volgende:

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Bravo bravo bravo . Zeer objectieve site, hoewel de reclames voor vakantie in Israel mij in het begin het tegenovergestelde deden vermoeden.

Daar heb je de geschiedenis van Israel, Slotje op deze topic dan maar!!!

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PLO-strijders

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Op zaterdag 17 juli 2004 10:46 schreef SirBenniMiles het volgende:

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Ach ja, ik zie het al. De barbaarse terroristen die geen recht hebben om dezelfde lucht als wij in te admenen worden als strijders aangeduid. De vele moordpartijen die dit barbaarse volk heeft aangericht komen niet terug in de tekst. Verklaart ook jouw reactie.

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Op vrijdag 16 juli 2004 20:46 schreef cultheld het volgende:

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Westerling die nazi die huishield in Indonesië is jouw held?

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Op zaterdag 17 juli 2004 11:46 schreef sp3c het volgende:

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hij was geen nazi maar een oorlogsmisdadiger

en hij is een held voor wat hij betekend heeft voor de Nederlandse Para

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Op zaterdag 17 juli 2004 10:46 schreef SirBenniMiles het volgende:

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Ach ja, ik zie het al. De barbaarse terroristen die geen recht hebben om dezelfde lucht als wij in te admenen worden als strijders aangeduid. De vele moordpartijen die dit barbaarse volk heeft aangericht komen niet terug in de tekst. Verklaart ook jouw reactie.

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Op maandag 19 juli 2004 11:57 schreef salutem het volgende:
degene die zichzelf bij bushokjes opblaast maar daar gaat dit topic niet over.

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Op maandag 19 juli 2004 23:35 schreef djenneke het volgende:


De arrogantie van de blanke is nou eenmaal ongekend....

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Op maandag 19 juli 2004 23:35 schreef djenneke het volgende:
Ik begrijp deze discussies nooit zo. De geschiedenis is bekend, en overal terug te vinden. Hoe je het ook wendt of keert, de palestijnen worden nu onderdrukt, en er is niet zoveel anders dat ze daar tegen kunnen doen dan wat ze nu doen. Niet dat ik voor aanslagen ben, zeker niet, maar ik begrijp wel het waarom ervan.

De arrogantie suprematie van de blanke is nou eenmaal ongekend....

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Op dinsdag 20 juli 2004 00:22 schreef golfer het volgende:

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Je bedoelt die "blanke" Ethiopische Joden die in Israël wonen?

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Op dinsdag 20 juli 2004 05:34 schreef SirBenniMiles het volgende:

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We kunnen allemaal flamen.

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Op zaterdag 17 juli 2004 18:28 schreef cultheld het volgende:

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Op dinsdag 20 juli 2004 13:33 schreef sp3c het volgende:

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neem toch niet altijd alles zo serieus ... wordt je een stuk vrolijker van
of dacht je echt dat de enige goede turk imo de shoarma turk (en die gast van de buurtsuper, en het meisje aan de overkant en en en) is?