[Vulkanen] The ring of Fire #3: Eruption of Mayon?

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Evacuaties na uitbarsting vulkaan in Chili
PUERTO MONTT (ANP) - Zeker 4.000 mensen in Chili zijn geëvacueerd wegens een vulkaanuitbarsting dinsdag in de zuidelijke plaats Chaiten. De autoriteiten hebben de noodtoestand uitgeroepen.

Gebouwen en straten in de zuidelijke plaats Chaiten zijn bedekt onder een laag as. De vulkaan, die op 10 kilometer ligt van Chaiten, begon vrijdag te rommelen. Vulkanoloog Luis Lara zei dat de uitbarsting zeer gevaarlijk is en wel maanden kan duren.

De wind heeft de as honderden kilometers verderop geblazen tot in Argentinië. Daar hebben autoriteiten scholen, vliegvelden en wegen afgesloten. Ook wordt in enkele gebieden drinkwater gedistribueerd.

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Op dinsdag 6 mei 2008 20:31 schreef ItaloDancer het volgende:

[..]

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Op woensdag 7 mei 2008 10:52 schreef ItaloDancer het volgende:
Tof filmpje

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Op woensdag 7 mei 2008 11:31 schreef ItaloDancer het volgende:
Schitterende vertaling schat

*Was gewoon vissen naar een complimentje hoor, je bent vrouw of je bent het niet. *

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Government Officials Fear “Worst Case Scenario”

The ongoing eruption of southern Chile’s Chaitén Volcano intensified significantly Tuesday as authorities for the first time reported seeing lava emanating from the volcano’s crater. The increasing volcanic activity prompted government authorities to order mandatory evacuation of local residents and all emergency workers.

“It’s a worst case scenario (for Chaitén),” an official from Chile’s National Emergency Office (ONEMI) told the Santiago Times.

Government officials put the coastal town of Chaitén (Region X), located just 10 kilometers from the erupting volcano, under a “red alert” at 8:45 a.m. after noticing pyroclastic flows coming from the volcano’s crater.

The U.S. Geological Survey Web site describes such flows as “high-density mixtures of hot, dry rock fragments and hot gases that move away from the vent that erupted them at high speeds.” The Web site says such events are capable of destroying by direct impact, burying surrounding areas with hot rock debris, melting snow and ice, and torching vegetation and nearby homes.

“If lava comes out of the volcano it would take 20 minutes to reach the town,'' said Chilean President Michelle Bachelet. “An evacuation mechanism has been set up that will allow us to save within 15 minutes the lives of the few residents and above all the members of the armed forces and police that are protecting and looking after Chaitén.”

In Chaitén, Navy ships were sent in to transport 384 people who initially refused to flee the eruption. The boats were set to travel across the Corcovado Gulf to Castro, on the island of Chiloé. By mid-afternoon, Chilean media reported the town was completely abandoned. Still, dozens of residents in the outlying community of Santa Bárbara, located nine kilometers outside Chaitén, refused to leave their homes.

Six buses, meanwhile, evacuated more residents from Futaleufu, located approximately 60 kilometers south-east of Chaitén. Police reported that areas in the town had as much as 30 centimeters of ash. As of press time, government officials were advising town residents to leave but had not declared a mandatory evacuation.

Officials were also studying the possibility of evacuating Palena, located near the border with Region XI, some 40 kilometers south of Futaleufu.

Local media reported that rocks propelled by the eruption were falling up to 20 kilometers away from the volcano and that clouds of toxic ash were drifting towards parts of Region XI. Acting Region XI Governor Ximena Órdenes put the towns of Puerto Cisnes and Lago Verde on “yellow alert,” thus freeing up emergency funds to help local authorities protect residents from the volcano's effects.

In total, some 12,000 area residents have already been evacuated, according to ONEMI.

Both Chaitén and Futaleufu have been blanketed in recent days by toxic volcanic ash, which began spewing from the Chaitén Volcano early Friday morning. This is the 950-meter volcano’s first eruption in recorded history.

Earlier this week President Michelle Bachelet visited the volcano zone accompanied by a team of U.S. scientists and several of her top cabinet ministers.

“We are traveling with a group of scientists from the United States who made an initial assessment of the situation yesterday,” Bachelet told reporters. “They are going to measure the air quality, as well as the presence of chemicals due to the falling ash. They are going to find out about the risks that exist.”

Of major concern is the effect the ubiquitous ash – which has contaminated local water supplies – will have on residents still in the area and on the region’s estimated 40,000 head of livestock.

The ongoing eruption has released a plume of smoke that continues to drift in a south-eastern direction across the Chile-Argentine border. NASA satellite photos released Tuesday afternoon showed the smoke reaching Atlantic coast of Argentina, located about 500 miles east of the eruption site.

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Op woensdag 7 mei 2008 14:17 schreef OA het volgende:
[ afbeelding ]

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Government Vulcanologist Spells Out “Worst Case Scenario”

Chilean authorities are considering the possibility that Region X’s Chaitén Volcano, now in its sixth day of continuous eruption, might collapse and thus release a torrent of red-hot pyroclastic material – burning gas and rocks – that could devastate the surrounding area.
Very much a “worst case scenario,” the possibility is nevertheless a very real one, vulcanologist Luis Lara of Chile’s National Geologic and Mining Service (SERNAGEOMIN) told reporters Thursday afternoon.

“That’s precisely the reason we recommended that authorities define a restricted area, because this is a real possibility with volcanoes that are similar to Chaitén. We can’t offer any kind of probability that this will happen, or say for sure how things will play out. It’s a worst case scenario,” said Lara.

There is indeed precedent for such concern, according to the SERNAGEOMIN official, who pointed out that similar volcanoes – in Mexico and the Philippines, for example – have collapsed on the seventh or eight day of continuous eruption. Friday will mark the Chaitén Volcano’s seventh day of eruption.

“Pompeii is in some ways similar,” said Lara, referring to the Roman city famously destroyed in AD 79 by Mount Vesuvius. “There was a pyroclastic flow that resulted in the consequences we all know. That’s exactly the worst case scenario that we’ve defined here.”

Pyroclastic flows are rapid currents of hot gas and rock that can escape from a volcano crater and travel downhill toward surrounding areas. Lara and his colleagues, in fact, have already observed such pyroclastic escapes in photographs and video recordings of the ongoing Chaitén eruption.

“There’s evidence that this is happening. One can see pyroclastic flows descending past the edge of the dome, where the craters are located. Although they aren’t very dense and are of relatively small volume, they’re crashing against the walls of the cauldron and have burned vegetation in this part,” said Lara.

The vulcanologist suspects such flows are responsible for a noted temperature increase (of between 7 and 17 degrees Celsius) in the nearby Chaitén and Raya Rivers.

The eruption, Chaitén’s first in recorded history, released a massive billow of ash that was visible as far away as Puerto Montt, some 200 kilometers to the north. Volcanic soot began to rain down, blanketing Chaitén and other area towns such as Futaleufú, and contaminating local water supplies.

The volcanic activity intensified between Tuesday and Thursday as authorities reported seeing lava emanating from the volcano’s crater. The natural disaster prompted government officials to order the mandatory evacuation of local residents and all emergency workers within 50 kilometers of the volcano.

So far the volcano has emitted an estimated two cubic kilometers of ash, said Lara. Smoke from the crater has shot up as high as 15 kilometers. The massive plume of smoke, furthermore, now stretches as far away as Buenos Aires, Argentina, arpproximately 500 kilometers to the east.

The Chilean government on Thursday announced a series of tax-relief measures for victims of the Chaitén Volcano eruptions. Officials disclosed their plans as the Chilean military evacuated the remaining residents holed up in rural towns surrounding the volcano.
The eruption, which began early Friday morning, released a massive billow of ash that was visible as far away as Puerto Montt, some 200 kilometers to the north. Volcanic soot began to rain down, blanketing Chaitén and other area towns such as Futaleufú, and contaminating local water supplies (ST, May 5). NASA satellite photos released several days later showed the cloud of smoke spreading towards Argentina's Atlantic coast, some 500 miles to the east.

Still, a small group of civilians refused to leave two villages surrounding Chaitén, a municipality located 10 kilometers from the exploding volcano with the same name. The group included local radio show host Bernardo Riquelme, who refused to stop broadcasting for the few inhabitants left behind. All citizens were finally evacuated after government officials threatened to extract them from their homes by force.

Meanwhile, Chile's Tax Service (SII) announced a “huge tax pardon” for all inhabitants affected by the volcano. Accompanied by Finance Ministry officials and government Treasurer Pamela Cuzmar, SII President Ricardo Escobar said the plan calls for erasing all interest on residents' debts and exempting them from paying property taxes for at least four years. He said the measures alone will allow area residents to save a total of Ch$1.3 billion pesos (US$2.8 million).

“We have decided to take measures that we believe are appropriate for a disaster of this magnitude,” affirmed Finance Ministry Undersecretary María Olivia Recart. “They are exceptional measures, and they will go a long way to alleviating the stressful situation facing many local residents.”

Chile has one of the world's most active string of volcanoes. It is home to some 2,000 volcanoes, 500 of which experts say are potentially active. Around 60 have erupted over the past 450 years.

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Op vrijdag 9 mei 2008 11:52 schreef kahaarin het volgende:
ERUTPION PAROXYSMALE DU VOLCAN CHAITEN


Kan iemand mij zeggen wat dit is? "une phase éruptive paroxysmique"

Dan kan ik dat stukje vertalen, er zat ook weer een filmpje bij.

http://julien-agence.monsite.wanadoo.fr/page6.html