[BREAKING] Vulkanen IJsland #21: Eruptie op komst bij Reykjanes?

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jonfr500 twitterde op donderdag 14-09-2017 om 19:38:21 Sharp increase in earthquakes in Öræfajökull volcano, https://t.co/eFNVDwXeBZ reageer retweet

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subglacial twitterde op dinsdag 24-10-2017 om 12:29:16 Small earthquakes continue at ice-capped #Öraefajökull #volcano. In 1362 AD it produced #Iceland's largest historic… https://t.co/ubBuHt6nZL reageer retweet

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Next eruption of Bardarbunga volcano could come soon

Massive volcano in Iceland is ready to BLOW - and experts warn it could cause travel chaos
The Bardarbunga volcano has been hit by a series of earthquakes in recent days

One of Iceland's biggest volcanoes is preparing to erupt, and experts warn the ensuing ash cloud could cause travel chaos across Europe.

The 6,590ft Bardarbunga volcano, which is hidden under the ice cap of the Vatnajokull glacier, has been hit by a series of earthquakes in recent days, measuring 3.9, 3.2, 4.7 and 4.7 on the Richter scale.

Now scientists are warning that pressure inside the volcano's magma chamber is increasing, suggesting it could erupt within the next few years.

Volcanology expert Páll Einarsson told the Daily Star that the latest quakes are part of a series that have been "in progress for two years", claiming that the volcano is "clearly preparing for its next eruption".

Disaster expert Dr Simon Day, of University College London, added that the earthquakes could "precede a large explosive eruption and consequent widespread ash fall".

The Icelandic Met Office has listed activity levels at the volcano as "high", but has not yet issued a warning.

Bardarbunga is one of the most active of Iceland's 130 volcanoes. Its last eruption in 2014 was the strongest in Europe for more than 240 years.

The eruption blew out two cubic kilometers of volcanic material over the course of several months - nearly ten times more than the Eyjafjallajokull eruption in 2010, which grounded 100,000 flights across Europe.

However, Dr Thomas Walter, from the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, said that the 2014 Bardarbunga eruption could have been a lot worse.

"The event was a blessing in disguise as the eruption could have happened directly beneath the ice," said Dr Walter.

"In that case, we'd have had a water vapour explosion with a volcanic ash cloud even bigger and longer lasting than the one that followed the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull in 2010."

Einarsson told the Star it is "impossible" to predict when the Bardarbunga volcano will erupt again, but said Icelandic authorities must take action to prepare for "more disastrous eruptions"

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Yellow alert put up for Öræfajökull volcano
The new caldera can be seen clearly on this image.
Image 1 of 2 The new caldera can be seen clearly on this image. Photo/Ágúst J. Magnússon

A new caldera, measuring a diameter of one kilometres has been formed in this last week in Öræfajökull glacier, a caldera spotted via satellite images of the glacier.

Iceland's volcanoes may be ready to blow

According to the Iceland Met Office this caldera shows increased activity in Öræfajökull which is located in Vatnajökull, Iceland's largest glacier.

A great sulphuric stench has eminated from the river Kvíá last week.

Increased seismic activity has occured in the area in recent months, activity which has subsided in recent days. The volcano hasn't erupted since 1727. There are still no signs of an imminent eruption states an announcement from the Met Office. However, the safety code has been put up to yellow.

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Bárðarbunga trembles: 4.1 magnitude quake on Saturday

Determined not to let Öræfajökull and Skjaldbreiður hog all the attention over the weekend, the monster volcano Bárðarbunga trembled on Saturday morning. A powerful 4.1 magnitude quake was detected at 6:19 AM on Saturday morning, in the southern edge of the volcano's caldera.
Read more: Scientists determine sub-glacial volcano Bárðarbunga is showing increased geothermal activity
Bárðarbunga has been showing high levels of activity for more than a year now, caused by the re-filling of the magma chambers of the volcano following the 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption. The last major quake in Bárðarbunga was on December 3. Seismologists at the Icelandic Meteorological Office say there are no signs of imminent volcanic activity in Bárðarbunga.

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Magnitude mb 4.6
Region ICELAND
Date time 2018-01-30 19:24:21.6 UTC
Location 64.84 N ; 17.39 W
Depth 10 km
Distances 230 km E of Reykjavík, Iceland / pop: 114,000 / local time: 19:24:21.6 2018-01-30
100 km S of Akureyri, Iceland / pop: 16,600 / local time: 19:24:21.6 2018-01-30

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Intense earthquake swarm at Tjornes fracture zone
An intense earthquake swarm is taking place at Tjörnes Fracture Zone volcano near Grimsey island, Iceland over the past 7 days. More than 1 100 of earthquakes were detected in this region since Wednesday, February 14, 2018. The last known eruption of this submarine volcano was in 1868.

The largest earthquake so far was M4.1 at 19:37 UTC on February 15, about 10 km (6.2 miles) ENE of Grimsey. "It is the largest earthquake detected in the seismic swarm that began a week ago and is still ongoing," the Icelandic Met Office said late Thursday. EMSC registered this quake as M3.7 at a depth of 14 km (8.7 miles).

A magnitude 3.2 earthquake occurred at 19:28 UTC in the same area, followed by two events above M3, at 19:38 and 19:39 UTC.

There are no signs of volcanic unrest, IMO said. "This area is part of the Tjörnes Fracture Zone and earthquake swarms are common in the area."

More earthquakes, even bigger, cannot be ruled out, the agency added.

A total of 1 165 earthquakes were detected since 08:56 UTC on February 14. 11 of them had magnitudes above 3, 162 between 2 and 3, 951 between 1 and 2 and 41 less than 1.

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Op vrijdag 16 februari 2018 11:35 schreef Frutsel het volgende:
of 1 165 earthquakes were detected since 08:56 UTC on February 14. 1

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M4.1 earthquake hits Bardarbunga volcano, Iceland

Magnitude 4.1 earthquake was registered in the southern part of the Bardarabunga volcano caldera, Iceland on March 21, 2018. The quake hit at 22:56 UTC at a depth of 4.5 km (2.8 miles).

It was followed M2.6 at 23:02 and 2.5 at 00:38 UTC, March 22 and half a dozen of smaller quakes, but there are no signs of volcanic tremors.

These are the first quakes in the volcano since the end of January when Bardarbunga was hit by the largest quake since the end of the 2014/15 eruption.

Bardarbunga earthquakes March 21 and 22, 2018

Bardarbunga, one of the most powerful volcanic systems in Iceland, has been showing a significant level of activity in recent months, Iceland Magazine reports. These quakes are caused by magma being thrust from the Earth's mantle up into the lava chambers of the volcano. The volcano has been re-filling it's lava chambers since the end of the 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption.

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Öræfajökull volcano showing clear signs of unrest, Iceland

Öræfajökull volcano in southeastern Iceland, the largest active volcano and the highest peak in Iceland, is showing clear signs of unrest with an inflation phase for at least a year and a half. The last eruptive episode of this volcano started in August 1727 and ended in May 1728.

The inflation is ongoing and is reflected by increased seismicity and characteristic deformation pattern, Icelandic Department of Civil Protection said July 13, after a series of meeting with scientists from The Icelandic Meteorological Office, The University of Iceland and Iceland Geosurvey.

There are no signs of a decrease in the inflation rate or the seismicity and the state of unrest persists despite a decrease in geothermal activity since last December.

The source causing the inflation is most likely injection of new magma, scientists said. The volume change since the start of the unrest is of the order of magnitude of 10 million m3 (about 0.2 m3/sec) comparable to the intrusion activity in Eyjafjallajökull some years before the eruption in 2010.

New resistivity measurements indicate the presence of geothermally altered rocks at shallow levels inside the caldera consistent with intermittent high-temperature geothermal activity as seen in many other volcanoes.

Referring to possible scenarios and hazards, scientists said that Öræfajökull is in a typical preparation stage before an eruption but the temporal evolution and the outcome is unknown. Increase in the geothermal activity with associated floods and gas release is a possible scenario.

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Sleeping giant volcano Katla trembles: Sharp earthquake swarm in caldera

Katla, a giant volcano hidden beneath the ice cap of Mýrdalsjökull glacier in South Iceland, which towers over the town of Vík, has been relatively calm and quiet for several months, following growing signs of activity in the past couple of years. Seismic activity in Katla is taken very seriously, as the volcano is under close supervision, as the volcano has erupted very regularly every 60-80 years. The last eruption took place in 1918, making Katla long overdue for an eruption.

The National Seismic Monitoring System of the Icelandic Meteorological Office recorded the earthquake swarm yesterday evening. The largest of the nearly two dozen quakes was a relatively powerful 3.1 magnitude quake at 21:39 (9:39 pm). This quake had an epicenter 6.5 km (4 mi) east-northeast of Goðabunga peak (29 km/18 miles, north-northwest of Vík) at a depth of 100 meters (330 ft). The initial tremor was followed by close to a dozen smaller tremors.

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Nine Hundred Quakes in Ongoing Earthquake Swarm

An earthquake swarm has been ongoing around Öxarfjörður in northeast Iceland since Saturday. According to Einar Hjörleifsson, a natural disaster expert with the Icelandic Met Office, there have been a total of 900 quakes since the swarm began on Saturday. The swarm is on-going and currently shows no signs of subsiding.

The majority of the quakes have taken place about six kilometres south of the village of Kópasker. Eight quakes have been measured above 3.0 on the Seismic Magnitude scale, the most powerful of which took place at 8:30 pm on Wednesday night and measured 4.2. Thirty seconds later, a quake measuring 3.3 occurred; quakes of 3.3 and 3.2 followed at 9:47 pm and 9:49 pm. Smaller shocks were detected after these larger quakes.

While residents of Kópasker have felt the quakes extremely well, they haven’t been discernible elsewhere, which Einar Hjörleifsson, the Icelandic Met Office’s natural disaster expert, says is normal given the quakes’ size and location. The quakes are taking place along the Tjörnes Fracture Zone, which stretches from all the way up at Grímsey island off of the north coast of Iceland to Landey island just off the coast of Stykkishólmur in Snæfellsnes, West Iceland.

Einar says that the current swarm hasn’t gathered momentum, but it also hasn’t shown signs of losing any, either. The fracture zone has built up a lot of tension and one of two situations is most likely. Either the swarm will slowly fade out, or the built-up tension could cause a larger earthquake, up to 6.0 on the Seismic Magnitude scale. Inhabitants in towns on the north coast of Iceland are advised to make sure all furniture is secure in the case of a larger earthquake and to review the Department of Civil Protection and Emergency Management’s contingency plans.

Kópasker has been the site of numerous powerful earthquakes and earthquake swarms. On January 14, 1976, quakes measuring 5.5 to 6 damaged most of the homes in the village and necessitated the evacuation of women, children, and the elderly. Similar earthquake swarms also occurred in the area in May 1997, April 2007, April 2009, and October 2014.